Showing posts with label racism. Show all posts
Showing posts with label racism. Show all posts

Tuesday, December 3, 2024

United Nations Security Council: Determined to Make Jews Insecure, Part III

 Nadene Goldfoot                                           

     The Six Day War of 1967 , imagine;  a war over in 6 days!  Israelis danced for the first time in Jerusalem where they had been kept out by Jordan.  
                                 
   UN Security Council

The UN discussed the problems with Israel over the Six-Day War of June 1967 until November when a resolution was passed calling on the Arabs to end their state of belligerency with Israel and for Israel to withdraw its troops.  During the following years, Israel-Arab relations were constantly before the UN Security Council with Israel having little faith in that body where an anti-Israel bloc of votes was a sure thing.  


Arafat, Hillary's daughter and Hillary Clinton

The Arabs were able to have extreme anti-Israel resolutions automatically  passed in the General Assembly and in 1974, Yasser Arafat, chief of the Palestine Liberation Organization, was invited to address that body.  

By 1975, an anti-Israel motion was put through describing Zionism as a form of racism.  This was annulled in 1991.  The definition is:  Zionism is a Jewish nationalist movement with the goal of the creation and support of a Jewish national state in Palestine, the ancient homeland of the Jews (Hebrew: Eretz Yisraʾel, “the Land of Israel”). Jews were known as wanderers, without a home.  They yearned for their own again, especially when treated as 2nd class citizens wherever they went.  They were suffering from Pogroms, anti-Semitism at its height, hated for being Jews !  How dare people say they were practicing racism !!!  Peoples were practicing racism on Jews !!!!! 

     Here are a few Ashkenazi Jews;  taken to Germany by the Romans after 70 CE.  

And no, being Jewish is not like a race such as being Chinese, but it started with a particular family so most all share a few genes.  It's a belief that they share about G-d, a religion.  Jews have been found in all corners of the world and come in all colors; black, white, tan, brown, etc.  They can have all colors of hair and eyes.  There are varieties, and minds that are individual.  

The Jerusalem question was repeatedly debated in the UN.  The 1947 Partition Resolution had proposed the establishment of an international regime for Jerusalem, to be administered by the UN Trusteeship Council.  The General Assembly's resolution on this subject in December 1948, and  again, later, were rejected by Israel.  The question was raised frequently since 1967.   Incidentally, King David built up Jerusalem.                

The Arab refugee question was also frequently debated in the General Assembly.  The Arab states wanted full rights of repatriation while Israel insisted that the bulk of the refugees be resettled in the neighboring Arab states.  If passed, Israel would be no more; flooded with Arabs who came from neighboring countries, used as pawns by their leaders in their effort to destroy Israel.  They had come to Israel originally for their own needs of job-hunting.  


Israel's cooperation in  UN regional projects was impeded by the Arab states' refusal to sit together with Israelis.                               

Apart from the Israel question, Jews, particularly in the Western Hemisphere, Western Europe, and Israel were concerned with the UN's activities in other fields, especially relating to the safeguarding and promoting of human rights.  

They expressed their views on issues in these fields through membership in both national and international nongovernmental organizations.  Several Jewish international organizations have been granted consultative status, including the Agudat Israel World Organization, the Consultative Council of Jewish Organizations, the Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations, the World Jewish Congress, the World Union of Progressive Judaism, and the World Union of Jewish Students.  Jewish organizations accredited to the UN organization meeting at San Francisco in 1945, urged successfully the inclusion of human rights clauses in the UN Charter.  Later, they made suggestions concerning the provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.  Thereafter, they carried on a program intended to publicize and interpret the Declaration and the Genocide Convention, adopted by the UN Assembly in December 1949.  They have supported also the adoption of conventions on the rights of refugees and on the reduction and elimination of statelessness.                                                 

The World Jewish Congress was responsible for the The Kindertransport (German for 'Children Transport') that was a months-long secret mission to rescue Jewish children from Nazi-occupied Europe. The first group of children arrived in Harwich, England #OTD on December 2, 1938 (pictured).

Describing the situation in Gaza as “appalling and apocalyptic” the UN Deputy Secretary-General on Monday called on world leaders to act decisively to alleviate suffering and prevent the further devastation of the enclave says December 2024 news. "The nightmare in Gaza must stop," urges UN Deputy Chief. 

A family photo hangs on the wall inside a burned-out house in Kibbutz Be'eri in the aftermath of the October 7, 2023 assault by Palestinian armed groups on southern Israel, October 14, 2023. © 2023 Marcus Yam / Los Angeles Times

 It started with the Arab attack on young adult dancers living along the Gaza-Israel border on the last day of Sukkot, October 7, 2023.  They took over 200 hostages, with over 100 more still being held, most likely most of the number deceased by now.  They refuse to give the hostages up without wanting all of Israel in return.  Those slaughtered by the Arabs died in horrific ways, worse than any historic pogrom, images we can't ever forget, including ISIS type beheadings, marring of tiny children, etc.  horrific!  

Now Israel is fighting in 7 fronts.  What good is the UN?  People steal the food from trucks that Israel brought in, sell it to their people at high prices.   The Palestinians and Hezbollah dig tunnels to hide in or travel in, bringing in ammunition.  UN's International Criminal Court  simply puts out an arrest warrant for Netanyahu and Gallant.  accusing THEM of war crimes !  Biden hasn't delivered the weaponry Israel was promised and needs to end the war.  Everyone is waiting to see how Trump will handle the problems.  



Resource:

The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia

Saturday, January 14, 2023

Zionism's New Concepts and Where This Led: Revisionist Zionism

 Nadene Goldfoot                                           

In this drawing, Hasidic artist Hendel Lieberman (who lost his wife and daughters to the Nazis) depicts his brother, legendary Reb Mendel Futerfas, who spent 14 years in Siberian gulags.  The Gulag was a system of Soviet labour camps and accompanying detention and transit camps and prisons. From the 1920s to the mid-1950s it housed political prisoners and criminals of the Soviet Union. At its height, the Gulag imprisoned millions of people, many of which were Jews.  

We arrive at the 20th century and what is happening?  Racism but everyone has blinders on and so it rages on.  Even Jewish leaders dismiss the signs as "alarmist" and "panicky."  They have no idea what other peoples. are talking about.  

Jabotinsky, born October 17, 1880 in Odessa, Russian Empire, died August 3, 1940 in Hunter, New York;  Vladimir Yevgenyevich (Yevnovich) Zhabotinsky was born in Odessa, Kherson Governorate (modern Ukraine) into an assimilated Jewish family. His father, Yevno (Yevgeniy Grigoryevich) Zhabotinsky, hailed from NikopolYekaterinoslav Governorate. He was a member of the Russian Society of Sailing and Trade and was primarily involved in wheat trading. His mother, Chava (Eva Markovna) Zach (1835–1926), came from BerdychivKyiv Governorate.

Ze'ev Jabotinsky, a Russian Jewish activist was more aware than all the others of current events.  He was the founder of Revisionist Zionism (Ha-Tzorar). Ze'ev  was advocating a Jewish state on both sides of the Jordan River.  He must have studied our history and matched it with its geography.  

In the first years of the British Mandate in Eretz Yisrael, Jabotinsky supported collaboration with Great Britain, assuming that the latter will implement the mandate it supported in Balfour’s declaration. However, when Britain backed out from its support in the Zionist stand, Jabotinsky warned of a possible betrayal by the government of the British Mandate and advocated to rebel against it.

In 1923 he resigned from the Executive of the Zionist Movement, in protest against the policy of Chaim Weizmann, which he felt was moderate towards the anti-Zionist stand taken by the British Mandate Government. The support given to Jabotinsky by youth from east and central Europe was the basis for the future Revisionist Movement.

That opposed the official Zionist position who had this agreement with the British mandatory rule who had swayed the World Zionist Organization.  By 1933, the Jewish State Party had formed that was on the World Zionist side.  The new party comprised a number of veteran leaders, including Meir *Grossman, the Hebrew poet Yaakov *CahanRichard *LichtheimSelig *SoskinRobert *Stricker, and Jonah Machover, Herzl Rosenblum, and Baruch Weinstein, but only a fraction of the rank and file Revisionists and even less of the membership of the *Betar youth movement, who remained faithful to Jabotinsky. By 1935, Jabotinsky's group ceded from it and stayed independent until 1946. 

Betar-Hebrew initials, standing for "Yoseph Trumpeldor League", then of the Herut movement, the youth movement, originated in Latvia in 1923 and at first was a scout movement.  Their 1st world congress was held in Danzig, Poland in 1931. Their principals were non-socialist Zionism, the building of Israel on a nationalist basis, militarism and the fostering of discipline.  WWII liquidated most but those alive set up in Palestine " the Histadrut ha Ovedim ha Leumit/  or National Workers Organization.  Betar was led by Jabotinsky until his death in 1940.  Menahem Begin then took over.  

    Haganah (Defense)  during practice;  Jews who organized against British rules for Jewish self defense in Palestine.  They took over Ha-Shomer in 1920 and existed until 1948, being replaced by the IDF.  Jews were not being protected from attacks by Arabs so they had to protect themselves somehow; thus the Haganah of 1920.                           
   Stanley Goldfoot, born in Houghton, Johannesburg, South Africa in 1914, d: 2006,  with wife Rebecca Finger, children, had little choice when he landed.  He was met by Stern, inducted into group, quickly became the  chief of Intelligence.  Parents Simon  had been from Telsiai, Lithuania and Sarah from England.  

The Haganah also had their Revisionists of which came the activist resistance forces of Irgun Tzevai Lelumi and Lohame Herut Israel.  A youth movement was called Betar.  Our own 3rd cousin was Stanley Goldfoot-chief of intelligence for the Stern Group

 Avraham Stern had left the Irgun Tzevai Leumi of which he had been a leader because of its refusal to continue anti-British activities in Palestine during WWII.  He formed an underground organization later known as Lohame Herut Israel of which the British called the Stern Gang.  They carried out acts of sabotage, etc.  Avraham Stern was killed by British police while being arrested.  (That's one story for Blacks of the USA to see that this has happened before them, but to Jews).  

Jabotinsky spoke in Warsaw, Poland in 1938 on the Jewish holiday of Tisha B'av (the 9th of Av) , which was a sad remembrance day, the date of the worst event of our Jewish history, a fast day.  

It was a day marking the destruction of the 2nd Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem by the Romans in 70 CE.  Eerily, it's also the very same date when Solomon's 1st Temple fell to the Babylonians in 586 BCE. Events such as the murder of the Ten Martyrs by the Romans, expulsions from EnglandSpain and elsewhere, massacres of numerous medieval Jewish communities during the Crusades, and the Holocaust all started on the 9th of Av.                     

               Ze'ev Jabotinsky, wife and son;  In October 1907 Jabotinsky married Joanna (or Ania) Galperina.

Jabotinsky spoke to Poland's 3 million Jews.   "As he pleaded with the Jews of Poland 73 years ago to save themselves from the certain death that Hitler was planning for them. In addition to seeing the horrible danger, he also foresaw the birth of the State of Israel.

“…It is already three years that I am calling upon you, Polish Jewry, who are the crown of world Jewry.
I continue to warn you incessantly that a catastrophe is coming closer.
I became grey and old in these years.
My heart bleeds, that you, dear brothers and sisters, do not see the volcano which will soon begin to spit its all-consuming lava.
I see that you are not seeing this because you are immersed and sunk in your daily worries.
Today, however, I demand from you trust. You were convinced already that my prognoses have already proven to be right. If you think differently, then drive me out of your midst! However, if you do believe me, then listen to me in this 12th hour:
In the name of God! Let anyone of you save himself as long as there is still time. And time there is very little…and what else I would like to say to you in this day of Tisha B’Av:
whoever of you will escape from the catastrophe, he or she will live to see the exalted moment of a great Jewish wedding: the rebirth and the rise of a Jewish state. I don’t know if I will be privileged to see it; my son will! I believe in this as I am sure that tomorrow morning the sun will rise.”

Jabotinsky was not a religious Jew, not in Russia.  Raised in a middle-class Jewish home, Jabotinsky was educated in Russian schools. Although he studied Hebrew as a child, he wrote in his autobiography that his upbringing was divorced from Jewish faith and tradition. His mother ran a stationery store in Odessa. Jabotinsky dropped out of school at the age of 17 with a guarantee of a job as a correspondent for a local Odesan newspaper, the Odesskiy Listok, and was sent to Bern and Rome as a correspondent. He also worked for the Odesskie Novosti after his return from Italy. Jabotinsky was a childhood friend of Russian journalist and poet Korney Chukovsky.  But he was Jewish and cared about his people. 

From the autumn of 1898 onward, Jabotinsky was registered for three years as a law student at the Sapienza University of Rome, but hardly attended any classes and did not graduate, leading a bohemian lifestyle instead. In addition to RussianYiddish and Hebrew, he learned to speak fluent Italian.

After returning as a news reporter to Odessa, he was arrested in April 1902 for writing feuilletons in an anti-establishment tone, as well as contributing to a radical Italian journal. He was held isolated in a prison cell in the city for two months, where he communicated with other inmates through shouting and passing written notes. (a part of a newspaper or magazine devoted to fiction, criticism, or light literature.  "her sharp wit has made her one of Russia's masters of the literary feuilleton"  an article printed in a feuilleton.)

Editorial staff of Razsvet in Saint Petersburg, 1912. Sitting (R–L): 1) Max (Mordecai) Soloveichik (Solieli), 2) Avraham Ben David Idelson, 3) Zeev Jabotinsky; Standing: 1) Arnold Zeidman, 2) Alexander Goldstein, 3) Shlomo Gefstein

Activists all seem to have been journalists as well.  They saw the events, they wrote about them, and then they were forced to act.                                       

Troops of the Zion Mule Corps (part of the Jewish Legion section of the British Army, Royal Fusiliers) travelling along a dusty road in Palestine during the First World War. Date: 1914-1918

 Jabotinsky created the Zion Mule Corps, which consisted of several hundred Jewish men, mainly Russians who had been exiled from Palestine by the Ottoman Empire and had settled in Egypt. The unit served with distinction in the Battle of Gallipoli. When the Zion Mule Corps was disbanded, Jabotinsky traveled to London, where he continued his efforts to establish Jewish units to fight in Palestine as part of the British Army. Although Jabotinsky did not serve with the Zion Mule Corps, Trumpeldor, Jabotinsky and 120 Zion Mule Corps members did serve in Platoon 16 of the 20th Battalion of the London Regiment. In 1917, the government agreed to establish three Jewish battalions, initiating the Jewish Legion.              

 Joseph Trumpeldor worked with Jabotinsky with the Mule Corps.   He was only 39 when he died at Tel HaiOccupied Enemy Territory Administration.

Who was Joseph Trumpeldor?  (1880-1920)  He was a Zionist leader who had been a dental student when he  volunteered in the Russian army where he lost his arm in the fighting around Port Arthur in 1904-1905.  He became an officer after he was freed from the Japanese captivity.   In 1912 he settled in Palestine. He had organized volunteers to protect exposed Jewish villages in Upper Galilee and was killed in the defense of Tel Hai.  

As an honorary lieutenant in the 38th Royal Fusiliers, Jabotinsky saw action in Palestine in 1918. His battalion was one of the first to enter Transjordan.

Resource: 

The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia

https://thejerusalemconnection.us/blog/2011/08/08/jabotinsky-warning-to-warsaw-jews-tisha-bav-1938/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulag

Bibi by Benjamin Netanyahu

https://www.knesset.gov.il/vip/jabotinsky/eng/Revisionist_frame_eng.html

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jewish-state-party

Friday, April 29, 2022

Paradox of Leftist Societies Being Most Anti Semitic

 Nadene Goldfoot                                              

Bernie Sanders speaks at a New York campaign fundraiser, September 18, 2015 (Michael Vadon / Flickr)  I found Bemie Sanders to be most disappointing in that he is Jewish but against Israel even though he had once moved on a Kibbutz there.  Even though he didn't manage loving to milk cows, he need not take his early experience out on the country.  

A most disappointing fact is that some American Democrats are following the Leftists of the world in being the most anti-Semitic people compared to other political groups.  It's here in USA that Democrats are on the Left and Republicans are on the Right.  Left-wing politics support social equality and egalitarianism (the doctrine that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities,), often in opposition of social hierarchy. As has happened, Leftists feel this way about all except us Jews.                                      

Walking on Manhattan’s Upper West Side one chilly day in the 1980s—it was not long after a suggestion came from within the Reagan administration that ketchup replace vegetables in school lunches to save money—Irving Howe (1920-1993) made a remark to his friend that captured a great deal about his own political journey: “I know how to debate with these guys about politics and economics, but how do you argue with social meanness?”  I ask that question, too, seeing that anti-Semitism could be called social meanness- better yet, social evilness.  Irving Howe was a Socialist.  

The truth is that the Left has opposed Jews both for their religion and for their nationality.  Jews have fused their religion and nationality which is an anathema to both the secularism and universalism of the Left. The people, Leftists, have the reputation of being so hospitable and supportive of the national liberation movements of all other people, but has been so antagonistic to the nationalism of the Jews.  An example is from the Social Democrat, Irving Howe, who wrote, "In the warmest of hearts, there is a cold spot for the Jews." 

As we examine Marx and the French Socialists to the Soviets, the 3rd World, and Western Leftists today, we see that their intense Jew-hatred has prevailed among their society.  Our American Democrats have been inching closer and closer to European Socialism of late, wanting more of it as they enjoy its benefits of being so cared for by the whole society.  What the connection is between a socialistic society and anti-Semitism behooves me.  I ask, just what is this connection?                             

Daniel Patrick Moynihan (March 16, 1927 – March 26, 2003) was an American politician, diplomat, and sociologist, who belonged to the Democratic Party.  He served as an adviser to Republican President Richard Nixon, nevertheless.  He accepted Republican President Gerald Ford's appointment to the position of United States Ambassador to the United Nations in 1975, holding that position until early 1976; later that year he won election to the Senate.

Former Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan, now deceased, once said, "Antisemitism has become a unifying global ideology of the totalitarian Left." Below is the historic November 10, 1975 speech delivered by Daniel Patrick Moynihan right after the U.N. declared that “Zionism is racism.” The resolution was repealed in 1991, but its spirit tragically lives on in the form of the U.N.’s enduring obsession with condemning Israel.".........There will be time enough to contemplate the harm this act will have done the United Nations. Historians will do that for us, and it is sufficient for the moment only to note the foreboding fact. A great evil has been loosed upon the world. The abomination of anti-semitism — as this year’s Nobel Peace Laureate Andrei Sakharov observed in Moscow just a few days ago — the Abomination of anti-semitism has been given the appearance of international sanction. The General Assembly today grants symbolic amnesty — and more — to the murderers of the six million European Jews. Evil enough in itself, but more ominous by far is the realization that now presses upon us — the realization that if there were no General Assembly, this could never have happened."

Many on the nontotalitarian Left have been compromised by their "no enemies on the Left" attitude.  Thus , a movement founded, established, and supported in large part by Jews has come to constitute, along with the Arab/Muslim world, the Jews' greatest enemy at this time.  My thoughts go to the movie, Fiddler on the Roof, when the Jewish girl and gentile Russian fellow go away and he is joining the Communist Party, who promises a much better life. 

Karl Heinrich Marx (1818-1883)German social philosopher.  Karl couldn't get a teaching job because of his radical views, so turned to journalism.  He moved to Paris but was expelled from there because he was attacking the Prussian government.  Freedom of speech had not yet arrived.  He then went to Brussels and renounced his citizenship there which resulted his becoming stateless. His philosophy became a struggle between the oppressing and the oppressed.  Toward Jews he still felt antipathy and contempt.  From 1848 on, Marx saw Jews as a financial reactionary group.  I think he was jealous of their successes.   
                                  city of Trier, Germany

Karl Marx is a famous Communist with a profound and powerful mind that went astray, in my opinion.  The disappointment to us is that such a man started life as a descendant of a long line of distinguished rabbis.  He was born in the German city of Trier in 1818 but was baptized as a Lutheran at age 6.  His father converted to Christianity before he was born so as to continue practicing law.  Being a Jewish lawyer was pronounced to be against Prussian laws, and his part of the world was suddenly part of Prussia according to the latest winning war.  A Jewish lawyer would find it hard to make a living any other way, but didn't have to convert like the Spanish Jewry of 1492.  He did it to make life easier, and had no strong feelings for his own religion.  I'd say that his family lacked that kind of education.   

Karl Marx wrote the essay,  On the Jewish Question.  It was a response to Bruno Bauer, a philosopher's article, "The Jewish Question, where Bauer attacked Jews and Judaism, arguing against emancipation for Jews until they leave Judaism, their own morality and even their customs.  (This so infuriates me, knowing that Judaism is basically a religion made up of the morality, on how one treats others as they want to be treated--the Golden Rule and this basic morality is what Bruno hates.) 

Surprise!  Marx didn't go along with his conclusions, but managed to outdo Bauer in antisemitic bitter and abusive language.  He thought all Jews should be attacked, not just religious ones.  This, coming from a Jew!  Yes, I know, he was converted when a small child, but to us Jews, he was still a Jew.  His father went along with it all, evidently, to have him develop in this way.  He must not have cared what he was, and that is the real shame.    

French socialists were even more anti-Jewish than Marx.  There were George Lichtheim, one of French socialists hostile to Jews, and Charles Fourier, founder of French socialism who said that Jews were Parasites, merchants, usurers," whose emancipation he termed "the most shameful of all recent vices of society." Before these men were born, their land was boiling over with hatred for Jews, mainly due to their prevailing religious liturgy that hit them in the face every Sunday.  People were immersed in anti-Semitism. Hated of one group kept them from dwelling on other problems in their society.                  

Pierre Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865)  of early socialism, expressed his antisemitism in a "moderate" manner.  Proudhon received no formal education as a child, but he was taught to read by his mother, who had him spelling words by age three. However, the only books that Proudhon was exposed to until he was 10 were the Gospels and the Four Aymon Brothers and some local almanacs. 

His theories were found to be in more extreme forms in his journals which were published after his death.  It  held his Nazi-life sentiments regarding the Jews.  He had a program for the disappearance of Jews in December 1847.  He said of Jews, "this race poisons everything by meddling everywhere without ever joining itself to another people.  Demand their expulsion from France, with the exception of people married to Frenchwomen.  Abolish the synagogues:  don't admit them to any kind of employment, pursue finally the abolition of this cult...the Jew is the enemy of the human race.  One must send this race back to Asia or exterminate it...by fire or fusion or by expulsion, the Jew must disappear...What the peoples of the Middle Ages hated by instinct I hate upon reflection, and irrevocably."  His French admirers justified the Russian pogroms going on.  One can wonder if Hitler hadn't received some of these writings.  

All this leads to the position that Alfred Dreyfus found himself in who was a Jewish army officer that was falsely accused by the French government of being a spy for Germany.  the French Socialist press on January 28, 1898, published a "non-participation in the Dreyfus Affair because Jews would use the rehabilitation of a single Jew to wash out "all the sins of Israel." 

The sad affair is that a Jewish researcher, French socialist Saint-Simon, could not find a single word on behalf of Jews in the whole of French socialist literature from 1820 to 1920. It seems that a people who develops a reputation so admirable, such as the French with their dealings with the new Americans that was so appreciated, never see Jews as they see others. We might as well have emigrated from a distant planet.                   

Russian Cossacks who attacked shtetls of Ukraine, Poland and Lithuanian Jews and harmed the people and their dwellings.  My Bobba's legs were broken.  This was a feature shown in the movie and stage play, "Fiddler on the Roof."  It's why Jews made the bigger effort of entering Palestine when it belonged to the Ottoman Empire from 1881 onwards, better than staying in Russia.  
                          Russian Revolution

The Soviets take the cake in treating us Jews badly.  There are so many cases, I know not where to begin.  The Soviet Union in 1917 was terribly hostile toward the Jewish religion and national needs.  In 1919, Zionism was named as a counterrevolutionary movement and prohibited.  The Soviet Union had a campaign  to destroy the Jewish religion that was quite successful.  Between 1956 and 1965, the number of synagogues in the USSR decreased to a low 450 to only 60 remaining.                       

      By 1981 I had just moved to Tzfat (Safed) in our apartment on the ground floor.  We found our window to be barred for protection from invading terrorists.  I'm here waiting for my lift from the States.

 By 1980, when I made aliyah to Haifa, Israel, there were fewer than 5 rabbis for the more than 2 million Soviet Jews.  In Israel, I found myself in a class with 40 Russian Jewish teachers and we were all learning Hebrew from our teacher, Sarah.  What had happened was that in 1980, some Russian Jews had been allowed to leave Russia.  Our teacher was a pen pal of a Russian Jew in prison for learning Hebrew !  Much later he got out and became well known in the Knesset.                                  

1941 Hitler with the Grand Mufti, Husseini,  AKA Sherif of Jerusalem who came to talk about how to get rid of the Jews.  

The National Socialist German Workers' Party, otherwise known as the Nazis, is a case that stands by itself in the realm of Socialism promoting anti-Semitism.  

Nazis were racists, singling out the Jews as the cause of all their problems, the scapegoat of the world.  Nazis told their Germans that non-Aryan races were inferior humans and that they were of the Aryans.  The dichotomy is that they didn't count the Arabs as non- Aryans when their earlier Crusaders couldn't tell them apart. 

Then again, Nazis labeled all Jews as one race, and we know that others have converted at different periods into the original family group.  Moses freed all the slaves;  the descendants of Jacob and the Others.  It was a mixed group after their arrival after 400 years.  King David's grandmother, Ruth the Moabite, was a convert. Many Romans had become Jews, preferring their family values compared to the Roman ways.  Jews have had to live in all 4 corners of the earth, yet have kept their religion on task, all reading the same pages of the Torah on the same Shabbat. Jews have become an endogamous society, however, and never know if they are marrying a 5th to distant cousin or not.  It's possible.  They only make up 0.02% of the world population.         

Hitler was the cause of anti-Semitism.  One rumor was that he had had a Jewish girlfriend who disappointed him. Hitler and his gang of thugs realized that Jews were not easily baptized.  "Once a Jew-always a Jew," they would say.  He wrote the book, Mein Kampf, where he says that "the Jew can speak a thousand languages and nevertheless remains a Jew.  His traits of character have remained the same...It is always the same Jew."  According to Hitler, the Jews seek to dominate the non-Jewish world through various instruments:  Christianity, Marxism socialism, Capitalism, democracy.  all are products of Jews and their values, no matter what their non-Jewish guises are. We lost 6 million Jews in the Holocaust.  This was more than anti-Semitism, something taken to the nth degree; it was wholesale slaughter.    

Germany in the 20s was doing well, but went through a rough recession in the 30s when people were out of work.  They blamed the Jews, as they always did in the past.  It was in 1096 when Germans in their Crusade massacred Jews in European towns while passing through on their way to Jerusalem. European civilization's main aspects were preaching hatred of Jews and denying equal rights to them.  In 1933, they made racialist anti-Semitism their official creed and started a deliberate persecution of the German Jews.  What most remember is WWII between 1939-1945 that Nazi anti-Semitism developed into a plan of genocide against the Jewish people in Europe, a plan called the "Final Solution."

      A pit of Jewish bodies that had been gassed to death

Out of the 16 million Jews who lived throughout the world at that time, nearly 6 million were murdered in the Holocaust in Europe.  They were assisted in some European countries by local elements who helped to round up the Jews destined for the death camps.  Britain and the USA might have helped to organize the escape of Jews from Europe but deliberately avoided doing anything until almost the end of the war.  It was much like the position Ukraine finds themselves in but much worse.  

In searching for the answer, I see that Christianity is divided about the Jewish question. Some, like the Evangelicals, are most supportive of Jews and of Israel, while other mainstream Christians are totally against them, so anti-Semitism can have a religious origin.  

Why such hatred?  One thing I noticed was that during hard times, the Jews persisted in their businesses, keeping them open, lowering their prices, staying open longer than others.  They made it, causing a lot of jealousy.  Others didn't have what it took to keep afloat.  The Jews, by remaining open, could keep their help working, so it was good for everyone, except those who snarled at a Jew's success.  


Resource:

Facts About Israel by Ministry for foreign affairs, Jerusalem

Why the Jews? by Dennis Prager & Joseph Telushkin, chapter11, Leftist Antisemitism, p. 123-136.

https://unwatch.org/moynihans-moment-the-historic-1975-u-n-speech-in-response-to-zionism-is-racism/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre-Joseph_Proudhon

https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/irving-howe-a-socialist-life

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_Howe

https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/why-leftists-should-be-democrats