History Repeats: The Muslim Invasion

Nadene Goldfoot                                             

According to my expert, R Khan,"In 711,  Arabs had reached Sindh , the  recent province in southern Pakistan which was once part of India.  They had not conquered India.  However, author Yuval Noah Harari said in Sapiens-A Brief History of Humankind, that Arabs invaded India on page 130.  Wikipedia said that "Muslim conquests on the Indian subcontinent mainly took place from the 12th to the 16th centuries, though earlier Muslim conquests made limited inroads into modern Afghanistan and Pakistan as early as the time of the Rajput kingdoms in the 8th century. With the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate, Islam spread across large parts of the subcontinent. In 1204, Bakhtiar Khilji led the Muslim conquest of Bengal, marking the eastern-most expansion of Islam at the time. India remains a Hindu state while most of the Muslims have moved away to Pakistan. The Partition of India was the division of British India in 1947 which accompanied the creation of two independent dominions, India and Pakistan. The partition involved the division of two provinces, Bengal and the Punjab, based on district-wise Hindu or Muslim majorities.

                  Europe succumbed to Islam long ago. 

 The zeal of this new religion, started by Mohammad,  copied the actions of Christianity by also proselytizing.  They were very proactive about it, not bothering to explain their beliefs, but by taking over land and establishing mosques.  

Islam started to become an important religion at the beginning of the 7th century. Mohammed, born in Mecca, Arabia,  was the main prophet of Islam. He founded and ruled the first Islamic state in the Middle East.

ISIS, a terror organization that has turned into a small army, is trying to repeat their ancestors' efforts.  Their plan has been to establish an Islamic State as in the past.  

There are already 57 countries in the world that are Islamic states.  They are: Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nigeria 50.4%, Egypt, Iran, Turkey, Sudan, Algeria, Morocco, Iraq, Afghanistan, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Syria of what's left, Kazakhstan, Niger,Burkina Faso 50%, Mali, Senegal, Tunisia, Guinea, Somalia, Azerbaijan, Tajikisan, Sierra Leone, Libya, Jordan, United Arab Emirates, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Chad 54%, Lebanon, Kuwait, Albania, Mauritania, Oman, Kosovo, The Gambia, Bahrain, Comoros, Qatar, Djibouti, Brunei, Maldives, and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.  Seven of them (in bold) actually call themselves Islamic States. Others call Islam their state religion.  18 are secular, they said.  Indonesia lists nothing.  This is according to 2011 records.  Much could have changed since then.  

Arabs in the Middle East are trying to make Palestine the 58th without passing all the requirements to be a peaceful state.  They've been infiltrated by ISIS.  

                                                                

"624: Muhammad broke with his Jewish supporters because they refused to recognize him as a prophet and adopt Islam. He chose now to emphasize the Arabness of the new religion and has his followers face Mecca when praying instead of Jerusalem. In the end, all the Jews were either banished or executed."  There were some who possibly converted to Islam.  

637: Jerusalem falls to invading Muslim forces.

638: Caliph Umar I enters Jerusalem.

652: Sicily is attacked by Muslims coming out of Tunisia (named Ifriqiya by the Muslims, a name later given to the entire continent of Africa).

668: First Siege of Constantinople, Turkey: (Constantinople was the capital city of the Roman/Byzantine, and also of the brief Latin, and the later Ottoman empires).This attack lasts off and on for seven years, with the Muslim forces generally spending the winters on the island of Cyzicus, a few miles south of Constantinople, and only sailing against the city during the spring and summer months.

                                               

Between 700 and 1000 A.D. Islam spread to many parts of Northern Africa and even got as far as Spain in the west and India and China in the east.

719: Muslims attack Septimania in southern France (so named because it was the base of operations for Rome's Seventh Legion) 

724: Hisham becomes the 10th caliph of the Umayyad Dynasty. It is under Hisham that Muslim forces make their deepest incursions into Western Europe before being stopped by Charles Martel at the Battle of Poitiers, France in 732.                                       

This was a church in 600 Cordova, Spain, then turned into a mosque till 987.
.  It boasts Moorish architecture.  The Moors were "a member of a northwestern
African Muslim people of mixed Berber and Arab descent. In the 8th century they
 conquered the Iberian peninsula, but were finally driven out of their last stronghold
in Granada at the end of the 15th century."

756: The Emirate of Cordova, Spain is established by Umayyad refugee Abd al-Rahman I in order to revive the defeated Umayyad caliphate which had been destroyed in 750 by the Abbasids. Cordova would become independent of the Abbasid Empire and represents the first major political division within Islam. The political and geographic isolation of the Cordova Caliphate would make it easier for Christians to decisively conquer it despite their failures elsewhere, although this would not be completed until 1492.

785: The Great Mosque in Cordoba, in Muslim controlled Spain, was built.

831: Muslim invaders capture the Sicilian city of Palermo, Italy and make it their capital.

869: Arabs capture the island of Malta, near Sicily.

1004: Arab raiders sack the Italian city of Pisa.

1090: Yusuf Ibn Tashfin, King of the Almoravids, captures Granada, Spain.

1291: The sultan Khalil, son of Qalawun, takes Acre, putting an end to two centuries of Crusader presence in the Orient. Acre had first been taken from the Jews by the Christians.  It was the "first Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. After roughly four years of siege, Acre finally capitulated to the forces of King Baldwin I of Jerusalem in 1104 following the First Crusade. The Crusaders made the town their chief port in the Kingdom of Jerusalem.  In the Hebrew Bible, (Judges 1:31), Akko is one of the places from which the Israelites did not drive out the Canaanites. It is later described in the territory of the tribe of Asher (one of the Jewish 12 tribes of Jacob that was kidnapped in 721 BCE by the Assyrians) and according to Josephus, was ruled by one of Solomon's provincial governors. Throughout Israelite rule, it was politically and culturally affiliated with Phoenicia. Around 725 BC, Akko joined Sidon and Tyre in a revolt against Shalmaneser V

Today Acre is once again part of Israel. 

Acre is a mixed city that includes Jews, Muslims, Christians and Baha'is.  That's 4 faiths in one city.

The West is fighting ISIS once again.  ISIS is "The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL,), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS  Islamic State (IS), and by its Arabic language acronym Daesh (Arabic: داعش‎‎ dāʿish,  is a Salafi jihadist militant group and unrecognised proto-state that follows a fundamentalist, Wahhabi doctrine of Sunni Islam. ISIL gained global prominence in early 2014 when it drove Iraqi government forces out of key cities in its Western Iraq offensive, followed by its capture of Mosul, Iraq and the Sinjar, Iraq massacre. The Sinjar massacre was the killing and abduction of thousands of Yazidi men in Sinjar (Kurdish.

                                                        

       A takeover includes changing over to Sharia Law. 

"A new report from the so-called human rights group argues a moral equivalence between the Islamic State and the US-Led Coalition fighting to free Mosul."   "Offensive in Akashat, which is supported by US-led air alliance, aims to tighten Iraq's hold on its border with Syria"

Since ISIS has been attacking other Muslims, Europe and the USA have graciously taken in thousands of refugees.  In this way, we find Muslims again in the position they were over 1,000 years ago living in Europe again without having to attack anyone.  

                                     

So why are they attacking them again now, 5 times this year in England?  

The latest attack was the blast of an improvised bomb Friday September 15, 2017 on a London Underground train . Parsons Green bombing: A small explosion occurred on a District line train at Parsons Green tube station, London. At least twenty-nine people were injured, many of whom suffered deep cuts and flash burns. Some were also injured in a stampede following the evacuation of the station.   March 22nd was the attack on a bridge using cars and stabbings.2017 Westminster attack: 52 year old Khalid Masood drove into pedestrians on Westminster Bridge, killing four and causing numerous injuries before crashing the car into the railings of the Palace of Westminster. The attacker then fled from the vehicle and attempted to gain access through the Palace gates, fatally stabbing a police officer before being shot dead by a plain clothes police officer. In total there were 49 injuries reported, 30 of which required hospital treatment, 7 of which were critical.  May 22 was the Manchester bombing in an arena. 2017 Manchester Arena bombing: A suicide bomber named Salman Abedi blew himself up at an Ariana Grande concert in Manchester killing at least 22 concertgoers and injuring 116 others. Islamic State claimed responsibility. June 3: London Bridge and Borough Market attack. June 2017 London attack: A van ran over multiple pedestrians on the London Bridge. The men then drove to Borough Market, where they stabbed multiple people before being shot by police. 8 people were killed and 48 were injured.June 19: Van hits pedestrians outside mosque.2017 Finsbury Park attack: A vehicle rammed into people walking out of a mosque in the Finsbury Park neighborhood of London. Local authorities have said that there are multiple casualties. This is the third vehicle ramming attack in London in the past 3 months and the second to happen in June.

                                       

March 22-Westminster Bridge , House of Parliament, vehicle attack by knife

This totals at least over 242 injured and over 35 deaths  by September 15th of 2017 due to terrorism for England. 

Evidently these refugees have not been asked to take the traditional oath people entering the USA in the 1900s had to take to foreswear all other governments and follow the USA government. "I hereby declare, on oath, that I absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, of whom or which I have heretofore been a subject or citizen; that I will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States of America ...Jun 25, 2014."





Naturalization's oath is: Naturalization Oath of Allegiance to the United States of America

Oath

"I hereby declare, on oath, that I absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, of whom or which I have heretofore been a subject or citizen; that I will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States of America against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I will bear arms on behalf of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform noncombatant service in the Armed Forces of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform work of national importance under civilian direction when required by the law; and that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; so help me God."

 It looks like the refugees include ISIS members, and are trying to take over again. One thing I have learned; to invade a country does not mean they have conquered the country.  There's always hope.  

Edited:  9/16/17, 10:40pm on invasion of India or not.
Resource:  http://www.english-online.at/history/middle-ages/middle-ages-timeline.htm

http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/imperialism/notes/islamchron.html
http://www.tabletmag.com/tag/isis?gclid=CjwKCAjwl_PNBRBcEiwA4pplRYmg-t0UMlQR_4OMITtrVH9DvSkYWfW0OWPHPqzm7sZNXbREwjJJ1hoCjQ0QAvD_BwE
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/0/many-people-killed-terrorist-attacks-uk/
http://www.cnn.com/2017/09/15/world/uk-terror-events-2017/index.html
https://storymaps.esri.com/stories/terrorist-attacks/?year=2017
https://www.uscis.gov/us-citizenship/naturalization-test/naturalization-oath-allegiance-united-states-america