Showing posts with label dates. Show all posts
Showing posts with label dates. Show all posts

Saturday, February 17, 2018

Elementary and High School Shootings in USA

Nadene Goldfoot                                             
As a retired teacher, I am in shock over school shootings at elementary schools.  We certainly are developing a sick society.

Just how many schools have gone through this and since when is in question.    The first school to suffer from attack with 10 deaths  happened in 1764 on July 26th, when schools are not necessarily open for studies.  Maybe they were back then, but it was the Delaware Indians who did it in Pennsylvania.  The school probably looked like any log cabin to them.  In 1893 on March 26th the high school in  Plain Dealing, Bossier Parrish, Louisiana was attacked resulting in 4 deaths.  That same year of 1893 also suffered a 2nd shooting in Charleston, South Carolina on December 13th with 6 deaths.  May 6, 1940 in Pasadena, California another shooting resulted in 5 deaths at a junior high with the principal being the shooter!

1998 was when another school shooting occurred.  It was on March 24th when two students of Westside Middle School in Arkansas  (junior high) went on a rampage and 5 were killed by them.

Then another shooting happened  on May 21, 1998 at  Thurston High School in Springfield, Oregon which is just outside of Eugene with 4 dead.  An expelled  student killed his parents first and then attacked the school.  It seems that more steps should be taken before expelling a student since the most recent 19 year old killer was also shooting after being expelled.

America has now heard what upset students do, and other maladjusted students are taking notice and filing this act away in their minds as a last resort for them,  too.

The very next year of 1999 on April 20th, we all heard and saw on TV the Columbine Massacre with 15 deaths.  The number shocked the public.  It happened in Colorado.  Evidently our culture is not meeting the needs of its young people as we do have some who are disturbed and attending school.  That's why we have counselors in most schools today.  They serve their districts in academic ways, of course, like finding colleges for high school graduates and such.  They are ones who usually speak with all the teachers about their students, and that can be passed onto the principal if necessary.  Between the principal and the Counselor, someone should be able to be on the line with their local Police Dept. to put out a red marker on these disturbed students who might take negative action. Counselors should also be in close touch with parents.

Things were settled down until March 21, 2005 on the Red Lake Indian Reservation in Minnesota when 10 deaths occurred.  A 16 year old killed his policeman grandfather and girlfriend, took his weapon and went to the high school by driving his grandfather's car, and wearing his police vest.  Again, this student was not a regular student but had  either been expelled or just hadn't attended for some months.

An Amish one-room schoolhouse was even attacked on October 2, 2006 which is the West Nickel Mines School shooting causing 6 dead.  This is in a village in Pennsylvania.  10 girls, ages 6 to 13 were there, and he shot 8 of them.  This was an adult who shot the girls, a father himself.

The gunman, identified as Charles Roberts IV, was a milk tanker truck driver who served several Amish farms in the Nickel Mines area (including some of the victims' families). He had three children and a wife.  What was the pressures he had to cause such a snap.  He was working and living in a very forgiving environment.  
                                                                  

2012  was the next year on December 14 with the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting leaving 28 dead.  This was in Connecticut and the shooter was 20 years old who first shot his mother in her home. .  20 of the  children were between 6 and 7 years old.  The others were adult staff people at the school.  He then killed himself.  He was certainly a sick, sick, sick man.

October 24, 2014 was the next date when  Marysville Pitchuck High School  in Washington had a shooting that left 5 dead.  A 15 year old Freshman shot 4 other students and then himself.   15 is rather old for a freshman.  I remember that I was 13.  There's a problem right there.  This student was having academic problems, for one.  He was clever, though.  He arranged to get his targets at one cafeteria table, then walked up to them.  " He then pulled out a .40-caliber Beretta Px4 Storm handgun and fired at least eight shots."

November 14, 2017 was the date of the Rancho Tehama Reserve, California  shootings which left 6 dead.  This was during a spree that included an elementary school.  The killer was 44 years old and just let out of jail and on bail.  "At the time of the spree, Neal had been freed on bail pending trial for two alleged felonies, and five alleged misdemeanors."  There's always this anger and wanting to get even with society.  
                                                                   

Now we come to the latest killing; of February 14th, 2018, Valentine's Day, a day of love and boyfriends and girlfriends.  It was so fun to be in class on those days when you received valentines out of the class Valentine box.  Who loved you?  The Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, Florida    shootings left 17 dead and 14 wounded by a 19 year old who was expelled from school for his behavior.  He was captured alive and is in jail.  Again, he was too old to have been a senior.  18 is the usual age.  He was not the brightest in class, either, but certainly planned this shooting quite well.  To me, he lacked empathy for animals that he had killed and for fellow students.  I wonder what happened to his biological parents that caused him and his sibling to be put up for adoption?  What happened to his adoptive mother since she recently died and of which he was upset about?  He had expressed the desire to be the shooter killing the most in a school shooting.  He probably did reach this goal.  Now, he's an adult at 19 and has killed on purpose 17 beloved children.  How is the state going to deal with this?  

There have been other shootings at colleges.  I'm just dealing with grade schools to high schools in this.  To want to kill young children should be in a class itself.   They are the innocent until adulthood of 18.  These are the ones that get the most attention on the news, as it is unheard of to want to kill children.  I can't help thinking that if guns were out of reach for these unstable killers, they'll use knives.  That's what has happened in Israel, especially in Jerusalem.  Children will be vulnerable on the playgrounds, for sure.  This even happened to one of our Senators who was practicing for a baseball game.  At least with a knife, a killer can't cause the havoc that guns have.  Best yet, stop people from becoming killers in the first place, and a pill or a drink  or a cigarette is not the answer, either.  

Reference:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_shootings_in_the_United_States
https://www.mikehuckabee.com/index.cfm?p=latest-news&id=9871F9A8-A349-4456-8FD5-6D74697ABD66&s=8P4O
http://projects.scpr.org/maps/pasadena-high-school-shooting-1940/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitchell_Johnson_and_Andrew_Golden
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thurston_High_School_shooting
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Lake_shootings
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Nickel_Mines_School_shooting
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandy_Hook_Elementary_School_shooting
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marysville_Pilchuck_High_School_shooting
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rancho_Tehama_Reserve_shootings
http://time.com/5159039/florida-school-shooting-parkland/
https://www.cnn.com/2018/02/14/us/florida-high-school-shooting/index.html

Saturday, February 7, 2015

TIMELINE: Anti-Semitism in Europe Yesterday and Today

Nadene Goldfoot                                                              
Martin Luther turned against Jews when they refused to convert.  
   
Europe is again becoming very anti-Semitic.  This time they are blaming the creation of Israel as reason.  However, they have had a whole history of anti-Semitism way before Israel's creation in 1948. With the creation of Christianity, they have squelched its lessons of love into one of hatred for Jews. Even with Pope Benedict XVI  in 2011 finally forgiving Jews of today for what our ancestors were accused of doing, killing Jesus, and they are again reenacting past behaviors.  We were hated for being in European countries and now we are hatred for going back to our Jewish Homeland in the Middle East.    We've been the scapegoats of the West and of the East.  Our presence in the Middle East was accepted, unlike it was in Europe, but only as 2nd class citizens who had to pay for protection in the form of extra Jewish taxes and live under many hurtful rules that Muslims did not live under.  There were even times of pogroms there as well.
                                                                   
Herod I (73 BCE-4 BCE) appointed king by Romans who occupied Jerusalem
66 CE -135 CE  The Jewish–Roman wars were a series of large-scale revolts by the Jews of the Eastern Mediterranean against the Roman Empire.
                                                                  
70 CE  Romans taking Jerusalem, destroying Temple, most Jews expelled
Jews found in Germany with Roman garrisons, forced to be soldiers or die.
115 CE Jews expelled from Cyprus
115-117 CE Jews followed Artemion in a Jewish revolt against Rome, seized control of a large part of the island, but Trajan sent Roman reinforcements which defeated the Jews; Artemion killed; Jews returned to Cyprus later.                                            
Bar Kockba 
132-135 CE Bar Kokhba revolted against Romans of 35,000 soldiers, took Jerusalem back, lost it, killed in 135.  580,000 Jewish casualties in war plus Jews who died of hunger and disease.

640 Jews in Byzantine Empire forced to convert to Christianity
700s, 800s Carolingian royal house of Germany had pro-Jewish policy, encouraged Jews to settle and trade.
721 Jews in Byzantine Empire forced to convert to Christianity
873 Jews in Byzantine Empire forced to convert to Christianity
900s Jews settled in Worms, Mainz, Magdeburg, Ratisbon, Speyer, Germany
1012 persecution of Jews in Germany
1066 Jews entered England with Norman Conquest, following William the Conqueror from Continent.
1096  German Crusade massacres Jews in Europe's towns, Rhineland and nearby areas
                                                                             
Crusaders killing Jews while going through Europe and in Jerusalem
TIMES OF ATTACKING JEWS, STOPPED TRADE, FORCED INTO MONEY-LENDING
1146  Jews of Spain forced to convert to Christianity
1160  Jews living in Germany-Rabbi of Worms, Germany born there.
1171 Blood libel told in Blois, France.
1215 Anti Jewish legislation of 4th Lateran Council.
1240 Talmud burned in France after the Disputation of Paris.
1290 Jews expelled from England for 365 years until 1655.
1298 Jews were massacred in Germany-encouraged by Rindfleisch, a knight
1306 Jews expelled from France brutally.
1321 Emperor Constantine had regulations of Jews in Cologne, Jews moved to Rhineland
1336 Jews were massacred in Germany-encouraged by Armleders, fanatics
1348-1349 Jews were massacred in Germany by fanatics, accused of causing BLACK DEATH (Epidemic of plague-thought Jews had poisoned wells) , 350 Jewish communities attacked, extreme barbarism, 200 communities wiped out.  Jewish survivors kept perpetually in poverty (no money) by leaders; cancelled debts.  MIDDLE AGES period, Jews studied Talmud, Jews banished  from most of larger German cities.  16th century saw only Worms and Frankfort-on Main with Jews in Germany.
1349-1360 Jews expelled from Hungary
1355 Jews in Toledo, Spain massacred by mob.  12,000 killed.
1391 Jews of Spain forced to convert to Christianity
1420 Toulouse, France Jews annihilated, all Jews killed
1421 Jews expelled from Austria
1492 Jews  expelled from Spain, 180,000 fled.  Also 50,000 forced to convert to Christianity.  
1495 Jews expelled from Lithuania
1497 Jews expelled from Portugal, Sicily and Sardinia
1502 Jews expelled from Rhodes, or forced to convert to Christianity or made into slaves
1541 Jews expelled from Kingdom of Naples (Italy).
1543 Martin Luther, anti-Jewish German Catholic priest, suggested burning Synagogues, homes destroyed, kept in a stable, take their belongings, then expelled.  Started Lutheranism, known later as the Protestant Reformation.

1622 Denmark invited Sephardi Jews to live there to develop commerce.  
1657 Frederick III permitted Sephardim to live in Denmark freely, but German Jews still needed special permission.  No political right were given to them.  
1790 French Revolution. Gave full emanacipation to Jews in France.  
1814 rights were given to Danish Jews and full equality.  
1819 Hep! Hep! riots against Jews in Germany
1894-1906 Dryfuss Affair in France, accusing Dryfuss of aiding Germany, not true-start of anti-Semitism
1897  Star of David Jewish symbol of Jewish national aspirations.Zionist Congress, Theodore Herzl, leader.
1918 World War I ended, 12,000 German Jews fought for Germany; Jews fought for Austro-Hungarian army also
1918 Jews found themselves living in Poland-change from WWI.
1918 Ukrainians killed 50+ Jews after war in in eastern Polish city of Lvov.  Chaim Weizmann wrote on 29 Nov. 1918 that new liberated Poles were killing Jews by methods learned from Russians.  Pogroms.
1919 In Ukrainian Proskurov, followers of Simon Petlura murdered 1700 Jews-finally killed 60,000 Jews at end of year.  (Leftover hatred from Tsarist days).  Vilna, Lithuania saw 80 Jews murdered.  Galicia had 500 Jews killed.  British diplomat wrote on Dec. 18, 1919 that Poles killed many Jews of possible Communist sympathies, arrested many.  Women kept in prison without trial, stripped naked, flogged, led to cemetery, executed, buried in graves they had to dig.
GERMANY:  JEWS BLAMED FOR LOSING WWI.  August 14, 1919-attacks on Jews by anti-Semites.
Treaty of St. Germain gave Austrian Jews minority rights.
                                                                           
Hitler
1920 National Socialist Germany's new political party-25 point program in Munich with just 60 members-racialist point 4; None but those of German blood may be members of the Nation.  No Jew may be a member.  All Jews new to Germany since 1914 had to leave.  Hitler was member.  August 13, 1920-Hitler spoke on why we are against the Jews.
1921.  Nazi party formed, the Sturmabteilung or Storm Section of party, Stormtroops formed.(brownshirts).  Swastika was party symbol.
1922 Walther Rathenau, German Jewish Foreign Minister of Germany,  was assassinated.
1923 Julius Streicher, a Nuremberg Nazi, launched Der Sturmer, newspaper slandering Jews, Munich expelled 70 of 350 east European Jews from Bavaria, will expell all soon.  Hitler tried to take Munich, arrested, sentenced to 5 years in detention, released after 8 months,
1925 Hitler had written Mein Kampf (his struggle) now  published.  Full of hatred for Jews-especially of Vienna
1926 On 25th of May in Paris, a Jew, Shalom Schwarzbard, killed Simon Petlura to avenge pogroms...Nazi party now had 17,000 members.   -Hitler Youth started.
1927 Nazis now had 40,000 members.
1928 Nazis in German national elections with 12 seats in the Reichstag.
INFLATION ROSE, UNEMPLOYMENT GREW, GERMAN COMMUNISTS GREW.
1929 Unemployment in Germany counted 3 million.  All affected; workers and employers.  Nazis denounced Jewish wealth, stormtroopers killed 8 Jews.  For 9 months Jews were attacked everywhere
1930 Election, 78 Jews injured in attacks.  Nazis got 107 seats in election, had 6 million votes, 2nd largest party in Germany.  Crowds chanted, death to Judah.
1931  Jews and Freemasons were hated., on Rosh Hashanah, stormtrooops attacked Jews coming from synagogues.  gangs beat up elderly Jews while others protected the gangs.  50 synagogues desecrated, thousands of tombstones defiled in mover 100 Jewish cemeteries.
1932 June Election for President, Hindenburg won , Adolf Hitler came in 2nd, more popular than Communism, Nazis got 230 seats..
1932 November-further elections-deal made
1933 Hitler appointed Chancellor on January 30th at age 43.  Attacked Communists.
1933 March 9th Stormtroops active in Berlin beating Jews, in gangs from 5 to 30, often hitting one Jew
1934 Jews emigrated to Sweden and during WWII.  Settled in Malmo.  By 1990 there were 15,000 Jews in Sweden.
1935 Nuremberg Laws on September 15th-businesses of Jews go into Aryan hands, racial concepts taught in schools, brain washing of children, racially inferior people must be eliminated.
1936 Anti-Jewish acts in other states.  Rumania attacked Jews, riots, bombs, Kishinev pogrom, no Jews accepted in Medical School. Nazis spread hatred in person.  Jewish medical student in Switzerland assassinated Hitler's rep, Gustloff.  German Jews fled to Poland.  Przytyk pogrom.
1936 Hitler sent German troops into Rhineland  on March 7th which had been demilitarized since 1918.  On 15th April, Palestinian Arabs began General Strike protest against Jewish immigration, killed many Jews.  August in Warsaw, Poland, said that all shops had to show name of owner.  Jews fled Poland .
1937 Germany increased military and air.  Helmut Hirsch, Jewish, charged with intentions to assassinate Streicher, American by parentage only, executed with an axe, Jeews now sentenced to Dachau concentration camp holding 300 Jews.  3,601 German Jews and 3,636 Polish Jews  reached Palestine.  British Mandate restricted immigration.  3,000 German Jews sent to  Bolivia.  350 physical assaults in August.
1938 German Jewish population  540,000.  Rumanian Jews deprived of citizenship.  Jews of Germany 2nd class citizens.  German army entered Vienna on March 12th.  Jews were 1/6 of population, lost all civil rights, property, work, be in restaurants, etc. Austrian Jews lost rights.  Suicides of Jews occurred throughout this time.  Jews of Frankfurt suffered.  1,500 Jews sent to Dachau.  Synagogue burned down June 9th in Munich.  2,000 Jews arrested in Germany.  Germans reported to be laughing as they inflict pain, forcing others to laugh with them.  People became immune to feelings of outrage, shun compassion.
1938 Kristallnacht (the Night of Broken Glass)  November 9th and 10th. A nationwide pogrom, in Germany,  annexed Austria, and in areas of the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia recently occupied by German troops. Destruction of 207 synagogues, wholesale arrests, Germans said started because of assassination of Ernst vom Rath, a German embassy official stationed in Paris. by a Jew whose parents had been expelled from their home by Nazis.  
                                                                     

1939  Jews had to wear Jewish badge.  Limited emigration by outbreak of WWII in September.   By September Jewish population was cut in half.
March 15th, Hitler marched into Hitler marched into Prague, Czechoslovakia.
                                                                           
 From May 4th to May 12th, my Uncle Werner managed to get on last ship- SS Washington at age 22, but had to leave his parents and 16 year old red-headed sister; costs $M350.  to New York, then Texas.  It took every penny his parents could scrape up. He had spent time in Dachau.  He was to get established and send for them.  He couldn't.                                  
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising -being starved to death, murdered 
1939  September 1st, Hitler marched into Poland who had 3 million Jews.  Suffered wholesale massacres Ghettos set up in Warsaw, Lodz, Bialystok, etc. .
"By the time the Germans invaded Poland in September 1939, unleashing World War II, there were six concentration camps in the so-called Greater German Reich:Dachau (founded 1933), Sachsenhausen (1936), Buchenwald (1937),Flossenbürg in northeastern Bavaria near the 1937 Czech border (1938), Mauthausen, near Linz, Austria (1938), and Ravensbrück, the women's camp, established in Brandenburg Province, southeast of Berlin (1939), after the dissolution of Lichtenburg." 
1940 Fall of French government-Vichy government took over.  Anti-Jewish legislation was enforced.
1941 Decision to liquidate Jews.                        
Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Haj Amin al-Husseini and Hitler in 1941 
1942-1945 Almost no Jews remained in Germany.  The Annihilation of European Jewry , 6 million were slaughtered.  Christian X of Denmark made great efforts to save Danish Jewry during WWII and helped most of them to escape to Sweden.

World War II resulted in an estimated 55 million deaths worldwide. It was the largest and most destructive conflict in history. It ended in 1945.  The Germans and their allies were called the AXIS.  The Ottoman Empire was one of them.  They lost their empire to the Western Allies.  

We just witnessed a Muslim killing Jews in Paris in a supermarket.  People, including the heads of state of several countries, marched to do away with such hatreds.  Yet, A chilling new video clip recorded last year captures the reality of rising anti-Semitism in France. In it, a group of anti-government demonstrators march through Paris, singing the French national anthem and chanting “Juif, la France n’est pas a toi” (“Jew, France is not yours”)–all on the eve of International Holocaust Remembrance Day: January 2014.   More than a million people joined over 40 presidents and prime ministers on the streets of Paris on Sunday January 2015  in the most striking show of solidarity in the West against the threat of Islamic extremism since the Sept. 11 attacks.   I'm sure they wouldn't have marched except that cartoonists who made fun of Mohammad were also killed by these extremists.  It just happened that French Jews were killed at about the same time by the same type of people on Friday.  
Marching in unison against extreme Islamic Killers


First it's been the western European who has been anti-Semitic and now it's the extreme Muslims who live in Europe and have taken over the role of being anti-Semitic and have been getting away with it-up to now.
Attacks have taken place in Malmo, Sweden without any repercussions.

President Obama just reminded attendees at a breakfast on January 5th when talking about the extremist Muslims such as ISIS, that "[L]est we get on our high horse and think this is unique to some other place, remember that during the Crusades and the Inquisition, people committed terrible deeds in the name of Christ,” Obama noted.  ”In our home country, slavery and Jim Crow all too often was justified in the name of Christ,” he added, referring to segregationists’ fondness for Biblical injunctions against interracial mingling." This has become today's news.   He was thinking, of course, about his American Black brothers who suffered from racial hatred.  He doesn't know that half of it that Jews have been through and that this is why Israel is so important to us.  His father "Obama, a Kenyan,  was raised in a Muslim family.  When he was about six years old and attending a Christian missionary school, the boy converted to Anglicanism when strongly encouraged by the staff. He changed his name from "Baraka" to "Barack".  He is listed as an atheist.  He died in 1982.   

Religion has become synonymous with POWER instead of a way of life to please  and to be like G-d.  ISIS is looking for power and land and though their leader, Bagdadi, is a PhD in religion, are not following the precepts of Islam.  Christianity did the same thing 2,000 years ago.  Power went to the heads of the leaders and they became brutal killers of everyone not Christian.  Both have had a hard time accepting Jews.  ISIS shares their attitude with Iran today who threatens the lives of Israelis.  Today young people are joining up with ISIS because they display their power, not the benefits of Islam.  

Resource: The Holocaust by Martin Gilbert
The New Jewish Encyclopedia
https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#gs_ssp=eJzj4tDP1TcwqUyJBwAKlQJ-&q=martin+luther
facts about Israel-timeline,  division of Information, ministry for foreign affairs, Jerusalem
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walther_Rathenau
http://www.haaretz.com/jewish-world/pope-exonerates-jews-for-death-of-jesus-1.346699
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_wars
http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005201
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_Ghetto_Uprising
http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005263
http://tabletmag.com/scroll/160800/jew-france-is-not-yours-chant-anti-government-demonstrators-in-paris
http://forward.com/articles/214175/je-suis-dreyfus/?utm_content=DailyNewsletter_TopArea_Position-2_Headline&utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_term=The%20Forward%20Today%20%28Monday-Friday%29&utm_campaign=Saturday-and-Sunday_Daily_Newsletter%202015-02-07
***Update 2/7/15  9:27pm http://www.breakingisraelnews.com/28809/confronting-european-anti-semitism-opinion/?utm_source=Breaking+Israel+News&utm_campaign=9a0b2623fc-BIN+Email&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_b6d3627f72-9a0b2623fc-83518689#dmyqKJf3ciWLw7Rx.97 from Alan Dershowitz
*** Update 2/7/15 major concentration camps 1941-1945 http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/major_camps.html
*****Special Video-2/13/15: https://www.youtube.com/embed/j6k1jHAYtbI#t=1226  The Mystery of the Jews

Tuesday, August 12, 2014

Jewish History in "Eretz Yisrael" Documented (Palestine to those who don't understand)

Nadene Goldfoot
Our Jewish history is documented.  
                                                                         
The 5 books of Moses, written by Moses (1391 BCE-1271 BCE) over the 40 years from Egypt to Canaan, tells of the history of the 12 tribes of Jacob who entered Egypt and then went to Canaan.

   1. Genesis- till the 17th century BCE; creation and patriarchal history till descent into Egypt
   2. Exodus-till the 13th century BCE; bondage, exodus, revelation and laws
  3. Leviticus; mainly priestly legislation
  4. Numbers-till the 13th century BCE; history of the trek from Egypt to Canaan
  5. Deuteronomy-legal recapitulation, Moses' ethical testament  
                                                                             

The Prophets records our ancient history
1. Joshua  13th century BCE; conquest, settlement of Canaan until death of Joshua
2. Judges 13th-11th century BCE; invasions repulsed by tribal leaders; until King Saul
3. I Samuel 11th century BCE; prophet anoints Saul, first king of Israel
4. II Samuel 10th century BCE; internal and international strife, reign of King David
5. I Kings 10th century BCE; reign of Solomon; the Temple, division of the kingdom
6. II Kings

Latter Prophets:
7. Isaiah 8th century BCE; ethics, admonition, prophecy of ultimate redemption
8. Jeremiah 7th-6th century BCE; indictment of sin; fall of Jerusalem foretold and recounted
9. Ezekiel 6th century BCE; prophecies of Israel's doom; consolation to Babylonian exiles

The Twelve Prophets
10. Hosea 8th century BCE; Israel's infidelity, future repentance
11. Joel (date uncertain) retribution, Israel's restoration at the end of days
12. Amos 8th century; prophecies against the nations; reproof, visions
13. Obadiah (date uncertain) oracle of doom on Edom
14. Jonah (date uncertain) message of repentance to Nineveh
15. Micah 8th century BCE; moral rebukes, vision of the universal reign of peace 
16. Nahum 7th century BCE; prophecy of the downfall of Nineveh
17. Habakkuk 7th-6th century BCE;  problem of injustice, prayer for compassion
18. Zephaniah 7th century BCE;  condemnation of idolatry, vision of Zion restored
19. Haggai 6th century BCE; encouragement to build 2nd Temple, its role
20. Zechariah 6th century BCE; visions of rebuilt Jerusalem and Divine rule of Universe
21. Malachi 6th-5th century BCE moral exhortations

The Writings
1. Psalms; poetic devotional literature, a main source of the liturgy
2. Proverbs; wisdom literature in the form of short maxims
3. Job; problem of evil discussed in narrative form
4. Five Scrolls-Song of Songs; allegorical love-song between G-d and his people
5. Ruth; narrative and social history of period of the Judges (13th-11th century BCE)
6. Lamentations; descriptive dirge of Babylonian destruction of Jerusalem (597-586 BCE)
7. Ecclesiastes; wisdom, literature on worldly vanities
8. Esther-the Purim story, salvation of Jews in ancient Persia (Iran). 
9. Daniel 6th century BCE; episode of martyrdom and prophecy in Babylonian exile
10. Ezra 5th century BCE; return of Babylonian exiles and rebuilding of Temple
11. Nehemiah 5th century BCE; rebuilding of Walls of Jerusalem, religious and communal legislation
12. Chronicles I until 965 BCE, genealogical lists and other historical information to period of King David
13. Chronicles II 965-638 BCE, history of the monarchy from King David to decree of Cyrus II, who died in 529 BCE, King of Persia, overran the Babylonian empire including Eretz Yisrael (Palestine) granted permission in 538 to exiles of Judah to return to homeland and rebuild the Temple as written in Ezra 1:1-44 and Chronicles 36:22-3.  Jews thought he was a divine agent.  

Life in Eretz Yisrael 

13th-11th century BCE Settlement and Tribal Autonomy
11th -6th century BCE 1st Temple:  Kings and Prophets
516 BCE-70 CE  Exile and Return;  2nd Temple

1st century -20th century CE;  Foreign Rule of 1878 years -- from 70 CE to 1948 CE
   1. Roman; 70 CE-395 CE changed name of Israel, Judah to Palaestina (for Philistines) Jerusalem changed to Aelia Capitolina.  
   2. Byzantine; 395-636 CE ; Jews became minority, Christians majority
  3. Arab; 636-1072 CE; divided land into Filastin(Palestine) and Urdun (Jordan), built Ramla; population converted to Islam, spoke Arabic, Arab tribes from Arabia and Egypt immigrated here
  4. Seijuk; 1072-1099 CE
  5. Crusaders'; 1099-1291; named land "the Kingdom of Jerusalem" , 30,000 crusaders lived here
  6. Mamluk; 1291-1516;  divided land into 3 districts; Safad, Gaza and Damascus; destroyed cities, towns in coastal plain to deter foreigners, remained empty till Jewish re-settlement 19th century CE
  7. Ottoman Rule (Turkey)  (1516-1917; Beduin tribes came in, villages reduced by half, population small, did not go over 250,000 till 1914, land west of Jordan had 680,000; 85,000 were Jews.   November 1894 Dryfus Affair in France caused Zionist meetings about returning to Eretz Yisrael , Pogroms in Russia, Pale of Settlement, anti-Semitism all over world.
  8. British Rule;  1918-1948; held mandate, renamed land Palestine. Partitioned into Palestine (west of Jordan) and Transjordan (east of Jordan) in 1922.  

Reference: Facts About Israel, division of Information, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Jerusalem, 1973
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreyfus_affair