Nadene Goldfoot
Sir Herbert Samuel, 1st Viscount in British Government. He was the first nominally-practising Jew to serve as a Cabinet minister and to become the leader of a major British political party. He showed favoritism to an Arab and we live to regret it.Herbert Louis Samuel became the 1st Viscount Samuel due to his political career and significant contributions to the British government. He entered Parliament as a Liberal MP in 1902, eventually serving in various government offices and holding significant roles. He was appointed as the first High Commissioner for Palestine in 1920, which further solidified his political standing and influence. In 1920, the Prime Minister of Great Britain was David Lloyd George. He served as Prime Minister from 1916 to 1922. He was a Liberal Party politician from Wales.
In 1921, Herbert Samuel, the British High Commissioner of Mandatory Palestine, appointed Haj Amin al-Husseini as the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem. Samuel's decision followed the death of the previous Mufti, Kamil al-Husayni, and aimed to establish a civil government and religious leadership within Palestine. Al-Husseini was a prominent Arab nationalist and Muslim leader, and his appointment was seen as a way to gain support and control within the local Muslim community.
Let's go back to Great Britain whose Jewish Samuel appointed the Arab leader, Husseini, as the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem. Samuels thought he was acting so fairly. Husseini turned around and caused his Arab followers to rebel, riot and attack and kill Jews.
The Husseini family served as Grand Mufti of Jerusalem from 1918 until 1948. Specifically, Husein al-Husseini served from 1921 until 1937, and his term was continued by others from his family after his exile. The role was created in 1918, with Kamil al-Husayni serving as the first Grand Mufti until his death in 1921.
Yes, many Iraqi Jews hoped for cooperation with King Faisal I, the first king of Iraq after the British Mandate, and his successor, King Ghazi. Faisal I was King of Iraq from 23 August 1921 until his death in 1933. A member of the Hashemite family, he was a leader of the Great Arab Revolt during the First World War. His people were not mentally ready to share life with Jews, and so in order to hold onto his crown, he went along with them instead of the Jews. Already his people were being brainwashed by Husseini's teachings.
This hope was rooted in the British administration's promotion of a pro-British king, Faisal, which also brought about a rise in Arab nationalism. During Faisal's reign, Iraqi Jews enjoyed a period of prosperity and increasing importance.
At the time, there was the League of Nations. The League of Nations was officially established on January 10, 1920, and its existence was formally terminated on April 19, 1946. Its primary goal was to prevent future wars and promote international cooperation.
Then the United Nations took over. The United Nations was established on October 24, 1945. They seemed to overlap. The first Arab states to join were Egypt and Syria. These two were founding members, having signed the UN charter in 1945. Resolution 273 (III) of 11 May 1949, admitting the State of Israel to membership in the United Nations, was adopted at the second part of the third session. Israel came into statehood on May 14, 1948. Many Arab states followed.
Fighting occurred 5 minutes after the announcement of Israel being a state. Israel when :
- Context: Following the UN Partition Plan of 1947 which proposed dividing Palestine into separate Arab and Jewish states, a civil war erupted between the two communities. The wars fought by Israel from 1947-1949 are generally called the 1948 Arab-Israeli War or the War of Independence by Israelis and al-Nakba ("the Catastrophe") by Palestinians.
- Suez Crisis started on October 29, 1956
- Six Day War started June 1967.
- War of Attrition continued in 67 to 1970
- Yom Kippur War started October 1973
- Palestinian Insurgency into South Lebanon started 1971-1982
- Lebanon War started 1982
- South Lebanon Conflict: 6 June 1982-2000 Nearly 18 years of warfare between the Israel Defense Forces and its Lebanese Christian proxy militias against Lebanese Muslim guerrilla forces, led by Iranian-backed Hezbollah, within what was defined by Israelis as the "Security Zone" in South Lebanon.
- First Intifada: 1987-1993
- Second Intifada: 2000-2005
- 2005 Disengagement: Israel unilaterally withdrew from Gaza, dismantling settlements and military presence, but continued to control borders and airspace.
- Transfer of Control: Control of Gaza was transferred to the Palestinian Authority (PA) in September 2005.
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