Iraq, Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Country of Saddam Hussein in 1990 and What He Started

 Nadene Goldfoot                                         

       Both Iran and Iraq were down to using boys as soldiers in this war.  

On August 2, 1990, Saddam Hussein, President of Iraq, shocked the world when his army crossed the border into his neighbor state of Kuwait, and occupied it, and then annexed it. Saddam had fought an 8-year war with Iran from 1980, which was when I made aliyah to Israel, and lasted till  1988.  Why did he do this?  His country was bankrupt after this war, and he wanted to carry out a modernization program and needed the cash.                         

                                     On Iraq state TV in 2001

Kuwait was in the way by allowing international oil prices to crash to an all-time low.  Saddam depended on an oil revenue. By his invasion, he figured, he would gain the world's largest pool of oil and dictate the price of oil, and then help himself to some of the Emirate's riches.  He had given his country only 2 years of rest before starting another war! 

                                            

Iraq had invaded Iran on on 22 September 1980.  Iraq's primary rationale for the invasion was to cripple Iran and prevent Ruhollah Khomeini from exporting the 1979 Iranian Revolution movement to Shia-majority Iraq and internally exploit religious tensions that would threaten the Sunni-dominated Ba'athist leadership.

Iran had taken the lead of being the dominate state at this time, and Iraq wanted their old position of Babylon days when they were dominating the Middle Eastern world.  It was another horse race with Iraq challenging.

                                           

Iraq, rather, Babylonia, had been conquered by the Arabs of Arabia in 637 after Mohammad had died in 632.  The Jews were cheering for the Arabs, for Babylonia was governed by the Sassanids (The Sassanid Empire or Sassanian Dynasty is the name used for the Iranian dynasty which lasted from 224 to 651 AD. The Sassanid Empire, which succeeded the Parthian Empire, was recognized as one of the two great powers in Western Asia, alongside the Roman Empire and later the Byzantine Empire, for more than 400 years.) who were persecuting the Jews.  It didn't work out that way; Arabs occupied the land, while Jews were expelled from Arabia so they settled in Kufa, Iraq.  Iraq for centuries was the center of Jewish life.  It's ironic, as Jews had lived in Ur, city on the Euphrates River of Mesopotamia, and left there for Canaan with Abraham.  That's where the Bible cites our origins.

                                               

President George Bush wasn't going to tolerate Saddam's invasion.  He worried more about Saudi Arabia, where USA got its oil.   He sent American forces to the region.  The UN Security Council acted by issuing resolutions on that very invasion date demanding unconditional withdrawal and negotiations.  Saddam's answer was demanding that  Kuwait was his 19th province of Iraq.

Putting trade sanctions in effect took too long; over a year to make a dent.  The Western powers joined the USA to defend Saudi Arabia.  Arab countries held a summit in Cairo to decide what to do or not.  They told Saddam to withdraw, and then they had to use force.  Troops went in.

                                                 

Saddam Hussein and Hafez al-Assad of Syria at an Arab Summit in Baghdad in November 1978

Saddam had THE solution.  He suggested the immediate and unconditional withdrawal of ISRAEL from the "occupied" Arab territories in "Palestine,"Syria anad Lebanon.  He also wanted Syrians to leave Lebanon and Iran to leave from parts of Iraq still in dispute. When all this was followed, then he would would talk about it as long as they remembered his historic rights of Iraq to this territory and the choice of the Kuwaiti people.  (WWI had decided the breaking up of large empires into small manageable states for the West to watch.)

                                                 

PLO leaders were living in Tunis, Tunisia, North Africa,  and knew it was dangerous to support Saddam.  Arafat publicly supported Saddam but Saddam wasn't supporting the Palestinians, so Arafat went to Baghdad.  Saddam said it wasn't important to lose 5 million (Palestinians).  Iraq had a large Palestinian Arab population.  King Hussein of Jordan refused to condemn Saddam as the masses supported the Iraqi President. 

                                               

James Baker of USA said, get out of Kuwait unconditionally.  He failed to recruit Syria, however to the US side and this was bad.  Syria was important as it was the apostle of Arab radicalism.  Syria saw itself as the champion for Palestinian rights.  Syria was on the list as a terrorist state.

                                               

January 15, 1991 was a deadline to leave Kuwait.  On the night of the 16th and 17th, a coalition of Western forces attacked from the air.  The next day, Saddam launched 5 Scud missiles on Tel Aviv and 3 on Haifa.  The US figured he was trying to get Israel to retaliate and then the Arab states would not fight shoulder to shoulder with Israelis against Syria. 

                                             

North Korea is believed to have developed more modern versions of the Soviet Scud missile and to have exported hundreds of the so-called Scud-C and Scud-D rockets to the Middle East and Africa. (Reuters)

Moshe Arens talked to Dick Cheney.  Israel was ready to fight.  Baker persuaded the Israelis to restrain.  Sharon wanted to fight.  Saddam wanted the coalition against him broken up.  They begged Israel to stay out of the war.                     

1991: Iraqi Scud missiles hit Israel Iraq has attacked two Israeli cities with Scud missiles, prompting fears  that Israel may be drawn into the Gulf War.  Israel's largest city, Tel Aviv,  and Haifa, its main seaport, were hit in the attacks, which began at 0300 local time (0100 GMT), when most residents were asleep.

40 Scuds landed on Israeli cities during this Gulf War; Israel didn't retaliate.  On February 24, Saddam agreed to a cease fire, and arranged the Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait.  The PLO, backer of Saddam Hussein was bankrupt again.  Why?  Saudi Arabia and Kuwait had stopped sending him money.  King Hussein of Jordan had also supported Saddam, was weakened.  Assad of Syria did support the coalition and then realized that the USSSR, his ally, was breaking up and was finally ready to go along with the USA.  Israel was less vital to US interests and weakened. Bush felt that this was the time for Middle East leaders sit down at the negotiating table.  Little did he know.   

Resource:

Israel and the Arabs by Ahron Bregman and Jihan El-tahri

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War

The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia

Hamas Targets Civilians; Israel Targets Terrorists

 Nadene Goldfoot                                            

    Hamas Terrorists in army attire

                             Moshe Dayan entering Jerusalem, 1967. after 20 years of being denied, later was Defense Minister of Israel.  He was Israel's commander of the Jerusalem front in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces during the 1956 Suez Crisis,   

There's a lot of ignorance in the world about the Middle East and the history of the Palestinians and the history of Israel.  For some reason, people are cheering for whoever is the weak one and wants to stamp out the one seemingly the strongest, and are dumping on Israel.  Because Israel so far has had less deaths, this is like a pox held over their heads.  

The reason that Israel has less deaths after thousands of rockets have attacked their country is that life is of utter importance to Israelis.  Their motto is, TO LIFE !  They have protected as best as they can their population with bomb shelters and the Iron Dome and warning sirens.  

The Terrorists stash their weapons in populated areas without protection like mosques, schools, homes, etc.  They hide behind their children and wives.  They do this on purpose, knowing full well that Jews do not want to kill their civilians.  

Hamas terrorists who rule Gaza through popular vote .  William Koenig, a Catholic priest in his book, Eye to Eye, comments that the policy of the USA has been to ask the Israelis, and then demand it with pressure, not to retaliate in a significant way against the terrorist strikes that have been launched against them.  He wrote this way before the latest attack on Jerusalem Day 2021, 5 days ago.  

In all cases of past wars since Israel's Independence Day in 1948, Israel has had to fight 4 wars-the 48-49, 56, 67 and 73 with Egypt and Syria and often others that joined in besides the terrorists.  In all these cases, it was Israel who was attacked and they were not the aggressor.  The wars were won against impossible odds.  Why? They train and train.  They are great warriors who know what Golda Meir said, being a people with nowhere to run to except the Sea.  You can figure a level playing field with them to be 2 to 1.  Knowing this, shouldn't terrorists think twice before tangling with them?  Isn't that a part of normal intelligence?  Look at the past histories.  This is what I say has been a war planned for some time since weapons have accumulated in the terrorist house.  They were ready, able and willing to tangle with Israel.

What pressure has been placed on Israel's shoulders.  There were 39 Scud missiles, MISSILES, that landed on Israeli soil during the Gulf War.  What is a missile?  In military terminology, a missile, also known as a guided missile or guided rocket, is a guided airborne ranged weapon capable of self-propelled flight usually by a jet engine or rocket motor. Missiles have four system components: targeting/guidance system, flight system, engine and warhead..

The Gulf War was a war January 17, 1991 – February 28, 1991;  (waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq ) in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait arising from oil pricing and production disputes.  The USA president had the chutzpa to ask Israel not to respond to this war.  In other words, not to retaliate with a shot of their own.   In order to have the Arab nations on board, the USA asked Israel not to participate in the war.  Israel showed tremendous restraint and did not.  Now we have asked them to stand back and not do anything over these last several attacks.  Priest Koenig said this in his book copyrighted in 2008.  

The USA and others have criticized Israel.  They have been criticized in our media.  Local people in television and radio often criticize Israel.  Koenig would not like hearing the SQUAD today who has been feverishly criticizing about Israel that I heard about this morning.  They criticize not knowing the true facts and no doubt not wanting to know.  People need to be better informed by media that is not already slanted with this new approach of only cheer on the weak, regardless of what or how they act.

It was a sad day when Yitzhak Rabin shook hands with PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat when the official policy of the government of Israel began to be, "LET US APPEASE THE TERRORISTS.  LET US BEGIN TO TRADE THE LAND FOR PEACE." This was the Labor Party, and since then want a man who will put their safety first, which has been Netanyahu's Party, Likud.  Today, their politics have internal problems and the elections have upset many, possibly causing a weakening in Mossad's awareness or whatever, I'm guessing.  This War, prevented for the past 7 years, has erupted anyway.

To Koenig and myself, we wonder about all the countries who never fought a war regarding civilians.  They said, "War is Hell" and went at it, defending themselves against aggressors, which usually was Germany in both World War I and World War Ii.  It has been Israel alone who has tried always to never harm civilians, only the ones doing the shootings.  Then they have to hear, now, now, be sure to not hit more than you were hit, or Restrain yourselves.  This is not a game.  This is life or death, the continuation of Israel.  In the Middle East, it takes strength to make believers out of people.  It was the Jews who produced the Golden Rule of not doing to others what you don't want to happen to you.  That's a  rule guiding the whole Torah!!  

What's wrong is not understanding the heart and mores, the ethics of Jews that are doubly practiced in Israel.  The religion is all about ethics of how to treat people and to treat them like you want to be treated.  “Peace will come when the Arabs will love their children more than they hate us.” said Golda Meir.  “When peace comes we will perhaps in time be able to forgive the Arabs for killing our sons, but it will be harder for us to forgive them for having forced us to kill their sons. 

― Golda Meir, A Land of Our Own: An Oral Autobiography

Eye to eye  by William Koenig

PART 5: BIBLE CODE TELLS OF MORE IMPORTANT EVENTS BEFORE THEY HAPPEN

Nadene Goldfoot
                              

Barack Hussein Obama and Valerie Jarrett

Michael Drosnin wrote 3 books about the Bible Code created by Israeli Rabbi Eliyahu Rips.  In the 3rd book, he relates finding the prediction that Barack Obama would become president and so sent him a  2nd letter on May 28, 2008 telling him about it through his friend, Oprah Winfrey.  Obama won on November 4, 2008.  That was a good 6 months of waiting to find out that it came true.  His first letter to Obama was given to friend Valerie Jarrett on March 2008 but due to events, was unable to do it. Obama then knew of this prediction before it happened for at least 8 months .   
                                                   

Michael Drosnin

Like most of us, Drosnin was thinking about the upcoming election back before Christmas 20007 and he search for the winner in the Bible Code of his computer.  9 Democrats were in the race then.  Obama was named and all Drosnin knew was that he was a young black man, but he could hardly believe it as he didn't think America was ready for a Black president then.  Drosnin called Rips and told him what he had found.  
  He also told Obama in his letter that there were 3 facts he had found.  
1. He would win and become President.
2. He might be assassinated but that can be a prevented danger.
3. You as President can prevent a certain nuclear terror attack.

The code to Drosnin was very clear.  The matrix predicted OBAMA WILL BE ELECTED and that was crossed by PROPHET but also predicted something else.  HE WAS ASSASSINATED.  
Drosnin went back to the Bible Code to check on the assassination and this time worked with Rips and they found that Obama's victory  and the danger were encoded many times, each time against odds of at least a million to one.  It's intentional, Rips told him.  It would not appear repeatedly by chance.  BARACK OBAMA, PRESIDENT, ASSASSIN, IN CAPITAL and DEATH appeared this one time his full name came up.  Under his name was the word, death.  
                                                   

Dr. Eliyahu Rips in Israel, working with 2 computers. 

After this came true, Rips said they should pay attention to the 2nd prediction because they were intertwined.  In to view came up the words TIME OF MURDER that crossed with OBAMA and BLACK PRESIDENT, just as OBAMA WILL BE ELECTED appeared with HE WAS ASSASSINATED.  Almost every time the code said Obama would be elected or be president, it also said he might be killed.  

Another screen shot of the code showed B. OBAMA IS PRESIDENT and was crossed in the same matrix by IN RETURN, HE WAS ASSASSINATED.  Drosnin wrote to Obama and told him that "We, using our free will, determine what actually happens.  Everything the code states is a probability."  He figured that Obama would be saved.  Obama won his party's presidential nomination after defeating Senator Hillary Clinton in the 2008 Democratic primaries. With Republican President George W. Bush term-limited, Senator John McCain of Arizona won the Republican nomination in the 2008 Republican primaries. Obama won the general election with 52.9 percent of the popular vote and 365 of the 538 electoral votes.  His assassination, if there was to be one, was averted.  It's quite possible one could have happened but he had secret service people protecting him from the time he ran for president onwards.  
                                                    

The 9/11 September 11 attacks were a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda against the United States on the morning of Tuesday, September 11, 2001.  The attacks resulted in 2,977 fatalities, over 25,000 injuries, and substantial long-term health consequences, in addition to at least $10 billion in infrastructure and property damage.^[6][7] 9/11 is the single deadliest terrorist attack in human history and the single deadliest incident for firefighters and law enforcement officers in the history of the United States, with 343 and 72 killed, respectively. 

George Walker Bush became president in 2001, replacing Bill Clinton who was president till the end of that year.  Drosnin states that he told George W. Bush a month before 9/11 of the danger and warned him again a month later of an even worse catastrophe possible with "Last time we lost 2 tall buildings and 1,000 people.  Next time we may lose an entire city."  That too, is predicted in the code. (Book 3, page 29).  Bush had also ignored a top secret CIA report he received the same day entitled, "Osama bin Laden Determined to Strike U.S. Mainland." 

He wrote to President Bill Clinton in October 2005, hoping that he, though out of office, could do what Bush in office would not.  Clinton would not intervene, either.  What Drosnin was warning about was the Bible Code warning "AMERICA" encoded with "ATOMIC" and "NUCLEAR" and "TERROR" twice and also with SUICIDE BOMBER." The warning of a nuclear terror attack on America is repeated again and again in the Bible Code.  After 9/11 they believed Drosnin but no one did anything. 
                                                     

According to leaked diplomatic documents, Al-Qaeda can produce radiological weapons, after sourcing nuclear material and recruiting rogue scientists to build "dirty bombs".

Fortunately, there is no convincing evidence that any terrorist group has yet gotten the nuclear material or the expertise needed to make a bomb (though we cannot know what capabilities they may have succeeded in keeping secret).

 In 2005 Al Qaeda bombed the London subway, killing 52 people and wounding more than 700. Encoded were the words Subway, train, bombs, July 2005 and in a 2nd matrix was found subway crossed by terror and London.  "Because you went to war" was found in the original words of the Bible right below July 2005.  page 65.  
                                                        

Dr. Rips, the mathematician who created the Bible Code, used the GULF WAR as an example in explanation as to how the code works.  "We asked the computer to search for Saddam Hussein.  Then we looked for related words to see if they came together in a way that was mathematically significant.  With the Gulf War, we found SCUDS with RUSSIAN MISSILES, and the date the war would begin encoded with the name HUSSEIN.  The words formed a crossword puzzle.  Consistently, the Bible code brings together interlocking words that reveal related information.  Related words cross vertically, horizontally and diagonally.  
                                                                               
With BILL CLINTON;  PRESIDENT.  With the MOON LANDING, SPACESHIP and APOLLO 11.
With HITLER; NAZI
With KENNEDY, DALLAS.

In all their experiments, crossword puzzles were found only in the Bible.  They were not found in WAR AND PEACE or any other book, and not in ten million computer-generated test cases. Assassination and nuclear attack were predicted but averted, so they can be seen to happen but prevented by us.  I would conclude that the Bible Codes can be true but prevented if there is time, and only if found by skilled scholars.  The proof is if they come true.  It's a future decision.  

Resource:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_terrorism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11_attacks
https://www.amacad.org/publication/reducing-greatest-risks-nuclear-theft-terrorism
Bible Code III Saving the World by Michael Drosnin
The Bible Code by Michael Drosnin (#1)
. 

1981 Saddam Hussein's Iraqi Nuclear Complex For Use Against Israel-What Else?

     Nadene Goldfoot                                                            

The irony of it all was when the land of Iraq was a part of Mesopotamia, specifically Babylonia, it was conquered by the Arabs in 637 much to the relief of the Jews who hoped they would deliver them from the Sassanid persecution.  The Jews even helped the Arab's advance!
                                                                             

Building site of complex foundation of Osirak nuclear complex.  One can see the deep pool and dome where later the reactor was to sit.  

Little did they realize that 1,344 years  later on June 7, 1981,  the 2nd state of Israel would have to preempt the building of a weapon meant to be directed against them by launching a surprise attack to destroy the OSIRAK NUCLEAR COMPLEX of Iraq.    This was French nuclear reactor built for the Arabs near Baghdad.  "It is the world's first air strike against a nuclear plant."  
                                                     

Some F-15 interceptors and F-16 fighter bombers destroyed the Osirak reactor 18 miles south of Baghdad, on the orders of Prime Minister Menachem Begin.  The distance from Baghdad to Jerusalem is only 547 miles or 880 km air travel.  

The UN had a fit.  Israel was widely criticized for doing this.  All the critics were minimizing the importance of Iraq's nuclear program because Baghdad had signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.  They even allowed their facilities to be inspected.  Israel had baseless fears, they all said.
                                                                             

 Iraq invaded Kuwait on August 2-4th, 1990 and the US said, "Hold on.  Wait a minute."  The USA let it slip that they had known about Iraq developing nuclear weapons and that it was far closer to reaching its goal than thought before.  All the critics crawled out of their walls to say that the USA was now only looking for justification for a war with Iraq.  They all were arguing with the US Administration.  The result of Iraq's invasion  "resulted in the seven-month-long Iraqi occupation of Kuwait, and subsequently led to direct military intervention by US-led forces in the Gulf War and the setting alight by Iraq of 600 Kuwaiti oil wells."    This gave reason to the USA not to trust Iraq and to put them at the top of their BAD list.  They wound up invading Iraq after 9/11/01  on April 23, 2003 to May 1, 2003.  
                                                                   
After Israel's hit on the nuclear facility,  UN inspectors found Saddam's program had been developing weapons that were more extensive than even the Israelis knew about.  The experts thought that Iraq was incapable of enriching uranium for bombs, but Saddam's researchers used several methods-even one thought to be obsolete-that made it possible for Iraq to have built one bomb at least.  That's all it would take to wipe out teeny Israel of 8,000 square miles.
                                                                         

Saddam was known for his cruelty, even to his best friends.  How people could have been trusting him is beyond my comprehension.  It wasn't a surprise to me when the USA invaded Iraq looking for weapons of mass destruction after 9/11.  They may or may not have picked on the right enemy, but they sure picked a doozy with Saddam.  He was not a nice man to anyone except himself.  He would be today's runner up to Hitler, no doubt.

He had given orders to hit Tel Aviv with a chemical attack in April of 1990. He had said to Yasser Arafat then, "“Iraq has chemical weapons it successfully used against the Iranians” during the eight-year Iran-Iraq War, “and Iraq won’t hesitate to use them against Tel Aviv" .” Israel has gone through several of those already and has has to dole out gas masks to its whole population and give directions to make a sealed safe room for survival.
                                                                             

"Hussein did fire 39 Scud missiles armed with conventional warheads at Israel during the First Gulf War lasting from August 2, 1990 to February 28, 1991-called Operation Desert Shield.  It was a war war waged by coalition forces from 34 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.   One Israeli died.   Fears that he might use chemical warheads on the Scuds led to the Israeli authorities distributing gas masks, and ordering the populace into sealed rooms when the Scuds were heading toward Israel."

Resource:  Myths and Facts-a concise record of the Arab-Israeli conflict by  Mitchell G. Bard and Joel Himelfarb
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Kuwait
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/7/newsid_3014000/3014623.stm
http://www.timesofisrael.com/saddam-gave-orders-to-fire-chemical-weapons-at-tel-aviv-if-he-was-toppled-in-first-gulf-war/

Glaring Facts About Jordan

Jordan

Nadene Goldfoot                                                                    

Emir Abdullah I of Transjordan April 11, 1921 to May 25, 1946;  then King Abdullah I of Jordan April 3, 1949.  He established the Hashemite Kingdom.  Born February 1882, he died  July 20, 1951 at age 69.  

He was assassinated. "Abdullah, while visiting Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, was shot dead by a Palestinian from the Husseini clan." That would be the clan of Haj Amin al-Husseini, Grand Mufti of Jerusalem who went against Emir Feisal in accepting Jews back and creating their own state.  His name was "Mustafa Shukri Ashshu, a 21-year-old tailor in the Old City.   During the Arab-Jewish war he was a member of the "dynamite squad" attached to the Arab irregular forces which were associated with the ex-Mufti of Jerusalem and became bitter enemies of Abdullah."

Because of Abdullah I's help in World War I, the Brits, who held the mandate over Palestine, detached 80% of the land earmarked for the Jewish Homeland and gave it to him in 1921. " 

A British Transjordan memorandum  stated that the Mandate east of the Jordan River would be excluded from all the provisions dealing with Jewish settlement west of the Jordan River. "  This was the deal they had made with Abdullah.    Abdullah called it Transjordan.  It incorporated all of Palestine east of the Jordan River.  It was done so that the Emir Abdullah, whose family had been defeated in tribal warfare on the Arabian peninsula, would have a kingdom to replace the one he lost.
                                                                                 

Another famous  view of King Abdullah I, King of Jordan

In the War of Independence of 1948, Jordan invaded along with the other countries and they occupied east Jerusalem.  Their army drove thousands of Jews--whose families had lived in the city for centuries---into exile.  The UN partition plan, including its proposal that Jerusalem be internationalized, had been overtaken by events.   The Arab refusal brought about Jerusalem's status.   From 1948 to 1967 Jordan maintained a state of war with Israel and Jerusalem was divided between Israel and Jordan.  Jerusalem became 2 armed camps with concrete walls and bunkers, barbed-wire fences, minefields and other military fortifications.

 In his memoirs, Abdullah wrote: " It is made quite clear to all, both by the map drawn up by the Simpson Commission and by another compiled by the Peel Commission, that the Arabs are as prodigal in selling their land as they are in useless wailing and weeping. "  True, Arabs that owned any piece of land were more than happy to make a huge profit on it by selling it to Jews who were willing to pay exorbitant prices for it.  Even King Abdullah leased land to the Jews.  In fact, many leaders of the Arab nationalist movement, including members of the Muslim supreme Council, sold land to Jews.
                                                                       
In 1948 he annexed the eastern part of Cisjordan (Judea and Samaria-which he named the West Bank).  This section had been designated by the UN as a separate state.  Then he proclaimed the Kingdom of Jordan with himself as king.  That's why he had helped Britain fight against the Ottoman Empire in the first place.  He wanted a kingdom.  He was a descendant of Mohammad, he claimed, "through Mohammad's daughter, Fatima and her husband who was Mohammad's cousin, Ali the 4th."   The Hashemites didn't have a big population at this time, about the same as the Jews.  Why they got 80% of Palestine is beyond me.  The land of Palestine was to be the Homeland of the Jews, so they were left with only 20% mainly along the coast and mostly desert land.

It seems that his grandson does carry the J1 haplogroup some Arabs carry that is so close to matching the Cohen gene.

We know of the Palestinian refugee problem.  The Arabs followed their leaders' advice of leaving their homes and going to a safer place since they were attacking the day old Israel.  Even King Abdullah blamed Palestinian leaders for the refugee problem:  "  The tragedy of the Palestinians was that most of their leaders had paralyzed them with false and unsubstantiated promises that they were not alone;  that 80 million Arabs and 400 million Muslims would INSTANTLY and MIRACULOUSLY come to their rescue.  

What had happened was that panic had spread throughout Palestine, and the early trickle of refugees became a flood, numbering more than 200,000 by the time the provisional government declared the independence of the State of Israel.  The native Arab population lacked leaders who could calm them;  their spokesmen, such as the Arab Higher Committee, were operating from the safety of neighboring states and did more to arouse their f ears than to pacify them.

In one instance, the commander of Arab troops in Safed went to Damascus for safety.  The following day, his troops withdrew from the town.  The residents had realized that they were defenseless and had fled in panic.  They had been fed all sorts of lies about Jews and what they would do to them. " These same Arabs had thought that they would win in an attack against the Jews and that they would win in less than the twinkling of an eye and that it would take no more than a day or two from the time the Arab armies crossed the border until all the colonies were conquered and the Jews would throw down their arms and cast themselves on their mercy."

King Abdullah considered the Palestinian Arabs and Jordanians one people.  By 1950 he annexed Samaria and Judea and forbade the use of the term Palestine in official documents.

Samaria and Judea were never legally part of Jordan.  It was to have been part of an independent Arab state in western Palestine according to the UN's 1947 partition plan.  But the Jordanian army invaded and occupied it during the 1948 war.  Only 2 governments, Great Britain (of course) and Pakistan (?) formally recognized the Jordanian takeover.  The rest of the world, including the USA, never did.  Then from 1950 to 1967, Jordan permitted terrorists to launch raids into Israel.  When Jordan lost this land in 1967, they were supporting the Egyptian dictator, Gamal Abdel Nasser.
                                                                         

King Talal, Abdullah's son ruled from 1951 to 1952 and then abdicated due to his health.  He was born February 26, 1909 and died July 7, 1972 at age 63.
                                                                       

King Hussein in 1997, son of Talal, b: November 14, 1935-d: February 7, 1999.  He ruled from August 11, 1952 after his father abdicated till death.  

From 1952 the country of Jordan was ruled by his grandson, Hussein. Jordan was the only Arab country to welcome the Palestinians and grant them citizenship.  Jordan was the only Arab country where Palestinians as a group could  become citizens.   Many Jews have realized that Jordan is a state of Palestinian Arabs because of this fact.

In 1956 Jordan joined Egypt and Syria with Nasser in command of all 3 armies and attacked Israel in another war, signing on October 25th by blockading the Suez Canal and Gulf of Aqaba to shipping.  Israel attacked October 29, 1956.  The Arabs had blockaded this against all laws for 6 years and was in violation of the Armistice Agreement. (p. 60 in M & F)

The PLO was founded June 2, 1964 in Jerusalem, actually created by the Arab League with Arafat as leader.  Terrorist groups were set up in Jordan and Syria, Lebanon and Iraq.  All of them received varying degrees of support from the host governments.  Then they mushroomed after the Six-Day War of 1967.

 In 1967, Hussein entered the Six-Day War against Israel along with all the other states but his army was defeated and Israel took over Judea and Samaria.  Israel had begged him not to attack.  Jordan attacked the western part of Jerusalem anyway.  Within several days, the IDF had routed the Jordanians and drove them out of east Jerusalem.  The city is now united as one.   Samaria was the original Empire of  Israel where their capital was Samaria, and now the whole piece is labeled as Samaria.  Judea was the land allotted by Joshua for the tribe of Judah, the largest of the 12 tribes with the capital of Jerusalem.

After the Six-Day War, the Israelis found public school textbooks that had been used to educate Arab children in Judea and Samaria.  They were full of racist and hateful portrayals of Jews:  Such lies were--

1. The Jews are scattered to the the ends of the earth, where they live exiled and despised, since by their nature they are vile, greedy and enemies of mankind.
2. By their nature they were tempted to steal a land as asylum for their disgrace.
3. We shall expel all the Jews from the Arab countries.
4. Jews of our time are the descendants of the Jews who harmed the Prophet Muhammad.  They betrayed him, they broke the treaty with him and joined sides with his enemies to fight him.
      (This refers to a battle fought that has been thrown in my face by some of my Muslim friends as well, so          many use this as a reason to hate us.  They forget that they converted Jews in Saudi Arabia with the             sword and had killed whole tribes of Jews in the act.)
5. The Jews in Europe were persecuted and despised because of their corruption, meanness and treachery.
      ( I note that they use facts and then distort it with their idea of as to why things happened. No doubt                 Europeans thought the same things.)  

Because Israel was defending itself from aggression in the 1948 and the 1967 wars, international legal scholar Steven Schwebel wrote, "Israel  has a better  claim to sovereignty over Jerusalem than that of its Arab neighbors."  

Moshe Dayan left the Temple Mount in Jordan's hands after the 1967 War, mostly to keep the peace between the two states.  Muslim rights on the Temple Mount, the site of 2 major mosques, have not been infringed.  Although it is the holiest site in Judaism, Israel has left the Temple Mount under the control of Muslim religious authorities who will not let Jews close.  It they are seen moving their lips in prayer, they get arrested.  Yet it is the site of the First and Second Temples.  

In September 1970,  Hussein expelled the PALESTINE LIBERATION ORGANIZATION (PLO)  from his country. The term Black September (Arabic: أيلول الأسود‎; aylūl al-aswad) refers to the Jordanian Civil War that began in September 1970 and ended in July of 1971. It was a war between Arafat's PLO and Jordan's army under King Hussein.  "The civil war sought to determine if Jordan would be ruled by the Palestine Liberation Organisation or the Hashemite Monarchy.  In other words, the PLO had tried a take-over.   The war resulted in the deaths of thousands of people, the vast majority Palestinian.   Armed conflict ended with the expulsion of the PLO leadership and thousands of Palestinian fighters to Lebanon. 

Israel was most helpful in 1970 when the USA asked for help in bolstering King Hussein's regime.  Israel was willing to aid Amman, and movement of troops to the Jordanian border persuaded Syria to leave the tanks it had sent into Jordan to support the PLO forces. during Black September.  The Soviets also saw that all the squadron leaders of the 6th Fleet landed in Israel to coordinate activities.  

Between June 1967 and September 1970, the Jordanian army and the Palestinian terrorist organization collaborated in an attempt to harass Israel from Jordanian territory:  Israeli villages in the Jordan Valley were frequently shelled and terrorists tried to infiltrate into Israeli-held territory.  By 1970, Israel closed the Jordan cease fire line almost hermetically.  Terrorist activities inside Israeli-controlled areas grew less and almost disappeared as they couldn't establish bases inside those areas.  Since the Jordanian army crushed the PLO groups, the Jordanian front had been quiet.  

The Yom Kippur War of October 6, 1973 was a surprise attack on Israel on their holiest day when they were fasting, from Egypt and Syria.  Jordan also sent two armored brigades and three artillery units to support the Syrians, but their participation in the war was not done with vast enthusiasm – probably because King Hussein of Jordan had not been kept informed of what Egypt and Syria planned.

In 1977, a Jordanian teachers' manual for 1st graders used in Samaria and Judea instructed educators to "implant in the soul of the pupil the rule of Islam that if the enemies occupy even one inch of the Islamic lands, jihad (holy war) becomes imperative for every Muslim.  It also says that the Jews plotted to assassinate Muhammad when he was a child.  

In  1982, a social studies book said that Israel ordered the massacre of Palestinians in Sabra and Shatila, but does not mention the Christian Arabs who were the perpetrators.  

Later he reconciled with Arafat, their leader.  Hussein also acted as a protector of  Judea and Samarian Arabs, but in 1988 announced that he was withdrawing from this role and leaving it to the PLO.  He was allowing them to administer their own people.

In 1990 it was shown that Jordan  voted against  the USA 83% of the time at the UN.  Israel voted with the USA 88% of the time, being America's top UN ally.  In 1991, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon voted against Israel in the UN and voted to retain a resolution against her as did Saudi Arabia.  The Arabs were voting to impugn the very birthright of the Jewish State.  

Jordan had modernized its armed forces in recent years, and had them stationed all along its border with Israel during the Gulf conflict of Aug 2, 1990 to February 28, 1991.  Jordan had built up its arms inventories and now boasts one of the Arab world's most modern arsenals to go along with the most professional officer corps in the Arab world.  During the Gulf War, King Hussein went along with the Iraqis, arousing suspicions in Israel about his willingness to again join an eastern front.  

However, Jews were never permitted to live in Jordan.  Civil Law #6, which governed the Jordanian-occupied Judea-Samaria, states explicitly:  "Any man will be a Jordanian subject if he is not Jewish."  They have been as anti-Semitic as the other Arab states.  
                                                                                       

A peace treaty was signed on  October 26, 1994 between Jordan and Israel.  "The treaty guaranteed Jordan the restoration of its occupied land (approximately 380 square kilometers), as well as an equitable share of water from the Yarmouk and Jordan rivers. Moreover, the treaty defined Jordan’s western borders clearly and conclusively for the first time, putting an end" to the " claim that “Jordan is Palestine.”  Jordanians look at this claim as dangerous and false. Only half of the population are Palestinians, not all.  


                                                                           

King Abdullah II, son of Hussein-King on February 7, 1999 at father's death.  He was born on January 30, 1962, age 53 today.  

King Abdullah II's own position was delicate as his major support is derived from the Bedouin tribesmen of his country while a majority of its inhabitants are Palestinians.  He even married a Palestinian girl, Rania al Yassin.  They have 2 boys and 2 girls. He has stated that he doesn't want anymore Palestinians to enter Jordan.

Queen Rania of Jordan, parents Palestinian Arabs living in Kuwait, born August 31, 1970, now 45.  

The country had a population of over 2 million of whom 85% were Moslem Arabs.  The capital of Jordan is Amman.  The population has gone up to 5,568,565 with 95% being Sunni Muslims.  Islam is a state religion.  Their military power of active troops numbered 100,700 at this point. In 2013 their population was figured at 6.459 million, probably comparable to Israel today.  Half the population are Palestinians.  The Hashemites have descended from " mostly  village-dwellers and Bedouins originating in the Arabian Peninsula

One of the principal backers of Jordan since World War II has been the USA. An emergency loan of US$150 million dollars, approved in July 2013, helped affected households maintain access to healthcare services and basic household goods. Through the World Bank, they have loaned  Jordan 500 million dollars for 2  Development Policy loans.  Jordan has been hurting from taking in so many refugees from Syria and creating camps, and this will help.  Last I heard was that they will not take Syrian men into Jordan proper, but will their mothers if they are staying with relatives as  women are pretty safe.

"Both the Jordanian government (in the Treaty of Peace) and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (in its various agreements with Israel) declared the end of hostilities between themselves and Israel. These instruments are unequivocal. (The PLO has already gone against this, since equivocal means having  uncertain nature and they have broken this agreement by siding with Hamas who are determined to destroy Israel and kill Jews.)    In Jordan's case, we find that

Peace is hereby established between the State of Israel and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan ... . They ... will refrain from the threat or use of force against each other and will settle all disputes between them by peaceful means.

The king's statements set the tone for other members of the government, which maintains active and public contacts with Israelis. For example, the Jordanian ambassador, Marwan Mu‘ashir told the Israel lobby in May 1998, that his government "is committed to a full peace with Israel ... . Jordan is committed to continuously addressing the Israeli public with a clear message of peace, regardless of agreement or differences with the sitting government in Israel."  The state-controlled radio and television reinforce the positive messages of the leaders."

Resource:  The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia, Jordan.
1. Myths and Facts-a concise record of the Arab-Israeli conflict by Drs Mitchell G. Bard, Joel Himelfarb
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_September_in_Jordan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Rania_of_Jordan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_II_of_Jordan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Jordan
http://www.princehamzah.jo/english/the-hashemite-family/
https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#gs_ssp=eJzj4tTP1TcwKrJIygAADOECtQ&q=queen+rania+of+jordan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Jordan
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/yom_kippur_war_of_1973.htm
http://www.kinghussein.gov.jo/peacetreaty.html
http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/jordan/overview#2
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_I_of_Jordan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War
http://www.meforum.org/474/can-arabs-make-peace-with-israel