Friday, May 5, 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Earth's Creation: Both Awesome

 Nadene Goldfoot                                          


Today, we know, according to scientists in the field  from radiometric dating,  that Earth is about 4.5 billion years old, actually 4.543 billion years.   Had naturalists in the 1700s and 1800s known Earth's true age, early ideas about evolution might have been taken more seriously.

    Thermal ionization mass spectrometer used in radiometric dating.

 Radiometric dating calculates an age in years for geologic materials by measuring the presence of a short-life radioactive element, e.g., carbon-14, or a long-life radioactive element plus its decay product, e.g., potassium-14/argon-40. 

That's what we used to think, but now?  The last idea is that we were not on the tree with the chimps.  We had our own, but this does show the bone fossils found and how we came to this idea.  Now, in studying DNA, we know that almost all (99.9%) nucleotide bases are exactly the same in all people;  and 97% are the same as the chimpanzee's.  We cannot mate and produce a child half chimp and half human, even though we may think we've found one in a former mate or acquaintance.  

The Neanderthals have a long evolutionary history. The earliest known examples of Neanderthal-like fossils are around 430,000 years old. The best-known Neanderthals lived between about 130,000 and 40,000 years ago, after which all physical evidence of them vanishes.  Then we find Cro Magnon.  The Cro-Magnons were the first modern Homo sapiens in Europe, living there between 45,000 and 10,000 years ago.

          Abraham, Sarah and their son, Isaac; yes, she thought she was too old, too.  

Abraham lived in the 2nd millennium BCE (before the common era) or about 1948 BCE. which was about  1948+2023=3971 or rounded out-about 4,000 years ago;  well into our modern age. 


Think about how science has improved in the past 4,000 years!  How about in the past 100 years from 1923 to 2,023?  Evidently discoveries in science come in leaps and bounds!  Wait till you read to the end of this article and see what is happening!  
Moses and the pharaoh, an act in freeing the Israelites;  a first in understanding our past as G-d dictated facts and Moses wrote them down as he received them.  If G-d, in my opinion, told him of this period in time, Moses could not had understood and neither could his people.  What he wrote was what he could understand, especially  the concept of one god at a time of polytheistic religions over all the world.  
 
                              

Artificial intelligence (AI) is taking over the world.  Artificial intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. Specific applications of AI include expert systems, natural language processing, speech recognition and machine vision. Actually, it's now a special program on its own that can create things more like a human.   Can it do worse than we have?  We're just about ready to blow the earth up with one too many nuclear bombs, so much so that we're seeing worried other-worldly UFO's in the sky shocking our jet pilots with their presence.  

Rabbis studied in German cities like Metz, Worms, Mainz, Speyer, Cologne

As far as that goes, our own rabbis going back over 1,000 years, figured that the world began (Earth) that our calendar started 5, 783 years ago; and then again, the Christian world decided that all started with Jesus of importance so we have the calendar showing this is the year 2,023.  It's hard to wrap our minds around our planet being 4.5 billion years old.  What is a billion?  One billion =1,000,000 thousand (one hundred thousand).  

The bible (Torah) starting with Genesis explains the steps involved in starting the creation of Earth.  The subject of creation comes under the topic of Cosmogony and cosmology.  Our book of creation in Hebrew is called Sepher Yetzirah Creed.       

There are 2 kinds of creation.  There is a creation of mountains and valleys, of solar systems and brain cells---and there is the creation of the people who give meaning and purpose to the universe they inhabit.  The events of the 6 days when heaven and earth and all their fullness were brought into being  occupy but a small fraction of the Book. Didn't scientists call that the Big Bang Theory?   Rather, the primary emphasis of the Book of Creation is how the Patriarchs fashioned a family into the nation that became the Chosen People.  "With 10 utterances the world was created..." It was not until Abraham that its human heir had come forwards....  that there is but one G-d  that we know,  and led the way.  

                          Philo : an age of trying to understand the world                           

I don't know about the Greeks, but the Romans who followed were big on bathing.  Then the Dark Ages came about and no one took baths.  We Jews did, often as once a week in the Mikvah, though, not big on soap but to cleanse their soul.  It had to be in clean running water-an outlet to the ocean somehow.   

Philosophers led the way of our thinking about the world in the beginning.  Our Jewish beliefs differed from Greek ones so popular.  Philo set out 5 chief articles of faith ever since the time when Judaism came into contact with Greek thought.                          

The Rambam or Moses ben Maimon (Maimonides (1135-1204)Philosopher, halakhist and medical writer who left Cordova, Spain at age 13 with parents  to escape the Almohade persecutions that came way before the 1492 Spanish inquisition.  

 Our famous rabbi Maimonides listed 13, and this idea won the greatest popularity. 

Hasdai ben Abraham Crescas  Hebrewחסדאי קרשקש; c. 1340 in Barcelona – 1410/11 in Zaragoza) was a Spanish-Jewish philosopher and a renowned halakhist (teacher of Jewish law).                       

                        Joseph Albo's Spain in 1400s

Along with Maimonides ("Rambam (1186-1237) ")Gersonides ("Ralbag"-1288-1344)), and Joseph Albo (1380-1435) , he is known as one of the major practitioners of the rationalist approach to Jewish philosophy. Albo condensed the article of our faith into 3 catagories;  existence of G-d, revelation and retribution.  The elements of prayer are the Shema (Hear oh Israel Deut. 6:4) and the Shemmona Esreh which proclaim the unity of G-d and belief in His providence and in resurrection.  So this is how Judaism has come to believe about such things as the beginning of the world.  Now, instead of philosophers, science has been added to the inquisitive minds, and their findings are  awesome.  

We do believe that G-d exists and so it was this great power, G-d, a Oneness, called in our writings as "El or Elohim, YHVH (unpronounceable on purpose-the Tetragrammation or Shem ha-Mephorash) which is written 7,000 times in the Bible.  By the 2nd century BCE, the word for G-d  was no longer pronounced except by the High Priest on Yom Kippur but read as "Adonai" (MY Lord).              

          Family Tree DNA lab in Houston, Texas

Geneticists are heroes of artificial intelligence.  They, such as people like Bryan Sykes, have worked on mitochondrial haplogroups of DNA, and have come up with the fact in 1996 in his paper that Europe was settled by the gene pool of 80% Palaeolithic-hunters and 20% Neolithic-early farmers.   ancestry.  Another scientist, L. Luca Cavalli-Sforza wrote that his data supported this conclusion. 

 Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza; 25 January 1922 – 31 August 2018) was an Italian geneticist. He was a population geneticist who taught at the University of Parma, the University of Pavia and then at Stanford University.Cavalli-Sforza was among the first to use genetics to track human migration patterns. His blend of anthropology and genetics led to a new field he called genetic geography, in which he followed the spread of genetic variations to track how humans populated the world.

“Luca was one of the first scientists to use genetic information to understand the relationships between different human populations at the level of the DNA,” said Marcus Feldman, PhD, professor of biology at Stanford. “He was always ahead of the game. Luca wasn’t a follower; he was a pioneer in the true sense of the word. If other people were doing it, he didn’t want to touch it.”

                                             

   Bryan Clifford Sykes was a British geneticist and science writer who was a Fellow of Wolfson College and Emeritus Professor of human genetics at the University of Oxford. Sykes published the first report on retrieving DNA from ancient bone.

Now I see that AI is referring to another Luca.  Around 4 billion years ago there lived a microbe called LUCA — the Last Universal Common Ancestor. There is evidence that it could have lived a somewhat ‘alien’ lifestyle, hidden away deep underground in iron-sulfur rich hydrothermal vents. Anaerobic and autotrophic, it didn’t breath air and made its own food from the dark, metal-rich environment around it. Its metabolism depended upon hydrogen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, turning them into organic compounds such as ammonia. Most remarkable of all, this little microbe was the beginning of a long lineage that encapsulates all life on Earth.

If we trace the tree of life far enough back in time, we come to find that we’re all related to LUCA. If the war cry for our exploration of Mars is ‘follow the water’, then in the search for LUCA it’s ‘follow the genes’. The study of the genetic tree of life, which reveals the genetic relationships and evolutionary history of organisms, is called phylogenetics. Over the last 20 years our technological ability to fully sequence genomes and build up vast genetic libraries has enabled phylogenetics to truly come of age and has taught us some profound lessons about life’s early history.  

They have created astro-biology at NASA and look for life in the universe.  


Resource:

The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia

Tanakh, Stone Edition

https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/darwin/the-world-before-darwin/how-old-is-earth#:~:text=Today%2C%20we%20know%20from%20radiometric,have%20been%20taken%20more%20seriously.

https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/who-were-the-neanderthals.html#:~:text=The%20Neanderthals%20have%20a%20long,physical%20evidence%20of%20them%20vanishes.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryan_Sykes

https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn14325-first-europeans-shunned-neanderthal-sex/#:~:text=The%20Cro%2DMagnons%20were%20the,45%2C000%20and%2010%2C000%20years%20ago.

https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/news/looking-for-luca-the-last-universal-common-ancestor/

https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/definition/AI-Artificial-Intelligence#:~:text=Artificial%20intelligence%20is%20the%20simulation,speech%20recognition%20and%20machine%20vision.

https://worksheetgenius.com/unit-converter/convert-1-billion-to-thousand/

https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1084-albo-joseph

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasdai_Crescas

https://www.nps.gov/subjects/geology/radiometric-age-dating.htm#:~:text=Radiometric%20dating%20calculates%20an%20age,%2D14%2Fargon%2D40.

1 comment:

  1. https://australian.museum/learn/science/human-evolution/homo-neanderthalensis/ more to read about Neanderthals and don't forget the newly found Denisovians as well.

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