King David's Genealogy

 Nadene Goldfoot                                      

                 Youngest of 7 boys, he was said to be a gingy;  red haired like the color of ginger.  He had 8 wives:  Michal, Ahinoam, Abigail, Maachah, Haggith, Abital, Egiah and Bathsheba and 18+ children: 

 including: Amnon, Chileab, Absalom, Adonijah, Shephatiah, Ithream, Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Jerimoth, Japhia, Elishama, Eliada, Eliphalet, and daughter Tamar.  

King David is fascinating.  His genealogy is even more so.  He comes from the tribe of Judah, which was fathered by Judah, 3rd son of Jacob and Leah, father of 12 sons and a daughter by 2 sisters and 2 handmaids of the sisters.  He reigned as king from 1010 BCE to 970 BCE, being 25 when he served King Saul as his armor-bearer, so he was born about 1035 BCE.  That was 3,057 years ago.   Jews and Christians both say that the Messiah will be from the House of David.  For Jews, this is to be their first; for Christians, their second for they see Jesus as having David as an ancestor.  

David's father was Jesse who was the grandson of Ruth and Boaz. Jesse's children were Abigail and Zeruiah, the girls, and Eliab, Shimea, Nethanel, Raddai, Ozem and David.  David was the youngest.   

  Movie of David and  Bathsheba with Gregory Peck and Susan Hayward 1951.  

David was born in Bethlehem, which is 5.25 miles South of Jerusalem.  It's also the background of the Book of Ruth. 

Christians claim that Jesus was related to King David, and he was said to have been born in Bethlehem.  The book of "Matthew begins by calling Jesus the son of David, indicating his royal origin, and also son of Abraham, indicating that he was an Israelite;  both are stock phrases, in which son means descendant, calling to mind the promises God made to David and to Abraham. "  Most scholars believe the gospel was composed between AD 80 and 90, with a range of possibility between AD 70 to 110; a pre-70 date remains a minority view. The work does not identify its author, and the early tradition attributing it to the apostle Matthew is rejected by modern scholars. He was probably a male Jew, standing on the margin between traditional and non-traditional Jewish values, and familiar with technical legal aspects of scripture being debated in his time. Writing in a polished Semitic "synagogue Greek", he drew on the Gospel of Mark as a source, plus the hypothetical collection of sayings known as the Q source (material shared with Luke but not with Mark) and material unique to his own community, called the M source or "Special Matthew".The point is that it was most likely not written by Matthew but as much as 100 years after the fact, writing in Greek, most likely as Hellenized Jew. He was writing for a Greek audience.   

Christians trace the lineage to #27 as King Josiah (637-608 BCE of Judah and from there to  the chart below; but reference is only found in the New Testament.  Christians have a Jeconiah, who Jews called Jehoiachin (597)-king at 18 for 3 months and 10 days, (exiled to Babylon); , but Jewish records show Jehoahaz-son of Josiah (608);  then Jehoiakim(608-598); son Jehoiachin (598-597) Zedekiah (597-586), all BCE.-son of Josiah, last of the kings.  He was originally called Mattaniah but when appointed king, changed his name to Zedekiah.  All his sons were killed, done in front of him;  then made a prisoner in Babylon till he died.   (II Kings 25;  Jer 52) 

After Josiah, the names and order of Kings are completely different from Jewish records that are in the Old Testament (Tanakh). 

27.Josiah 28. Jeconiah

Shealtiel Zerubbabel Abiud Eliakim Azor Zadok Achim Eliud Eleazar Matthan Jacob Joseph #36Jesus

#34 Zadok was a priest (Cohen), a descendant of Aaron, brother of Moses.  and became David's chief priest or high priest.  Solomon appointed Zadock's son a high priest in the Temple and from that time the high priesthoo remained in the Zadokite family until the period of the Hasmonean rising.  Zadok sons mentioned in the Dead Sea Scrolls could actually be connected to this line.  Also the name of one of the Pharisees who with Judah the Galilean, founded the Sect of Zealots in 6 CE.

#35 Achim (German pronunciation: [ˈaxiːm]) is the German short name for Joachim or Jehoiakim (Hebrew meaning "he whom Jehovah has set up"). In the Bible, Achim is mentioned in Jesus' genealogy as the son of Zadok and father of Eliud (Mt 1:14).

#36   Eliud, legendary king of the Britons. Eliud (biblical figure), son of Achim in the New Testament bible, Matthew 1:14.

Eleazar?  We've had 2 well-known Eleazars.  One was the 3rd son and successor of Aaron, brother of Moses.  The high priests of Zadok were descended from Eleazar.  The other Eleazar died in 163 BCE and was a Hasmonean warrior, brother of Judah the Maccabee. Then there have been a lot of other Eleazar ben....; a very popular name.  

This section goes through Joseph's great-grandfather Eleazar, grandfather #38 Matthan, and father #39 Jacob. None of these figures are mentioned anywhere other than in Matthew and nothing else is known about them. As with most of the later section of Matthew's genealogy it conflicts with that given in Luke 3. There is some similarity in this passage Matthew gives Joseph's grandfather as Matthan and Luke as Matthat, the other names, however, are wholly different. Eleazar was a common Old Testament name, appearing many times in that work.

Robert H. Gundry, who is highly skeptical of the earlier parts of Matthew's genealogy, believes that these later figures are likely accurate as it is unlikely no one would know who Joseph's father and grandfather were. Even if the author of Matthew did not know their names it is unlikely he would risk being creative as he could be fairly sure that somebody would spot his error. Gundry posits that #37 Eleazar is the last fictional creation and that #38 Matthan and #39 Jacob were real people.

David (1035-970 BCE) and Jesus (If he was born in 6 or 5 BCE, as is most likely, Jesus would have been approximately thirty-two to thirty-four years old in late CE 28 until CE 30, which falls well within the range of him being “about thirty years of age.”  

Therefore, Jesus was born 1,030 years after David.

How could the writer of Matthew  have done 

research on Jesus's genealogy to connect directly with David?

Actually, we Jews have become an endogamic people.  David 

had 6 brothers who would have been married with children.

David had many wives and children, the most prolific being 

Solomon who was said to have 1,000 wives and concubines.

Chances are that all of us Jews are carrying some of David's

genes, if they could last that long, and Jesus (a Greek name for

Joshua)  came along only 1,000 years after the fact, so was 

much closer in time than we are.  There's a fair chance that 

those people of Bethlehem  were related   if they had been

there for many generations.  

Mohammad (570-632) is the prophet of Islam.  Muslims also

 know of David.  David is mentioned several times in the Quran with the Arabic name داود, Dāwūd or Dā'ūd, often with his son Solomon.  Muslim tradition and the hadith stress David's zeal in daily prayer as well as in fasting. Quran commentators, historians and compilers of the numerous Stories of the Prophets elaborate upon David's concise quranic narratives and specifically mention David's gift in singing his Psalms as well as his beautiful recitation and vocal talents. His voice is described as having had a captivating power, weaving its influence not only over man but over all beasts and nature, who would unite with him to praise God.

  In 1948, Bethlehem had 10,000 population (7,500 Christians, 2,500 Muslims).  That's because from 1948 to 1967, Bethlehem was under Jordanian rule and all Israelis were kept out.  In the Six Day War, it was won back; taken by Israel.  The IDF had regained this ancient city.  By 1968, it had 32,000 population.  Its population is approximately 25,000, and it is the capital of the Bethlehem Governorate of the "proposed" State of Palestine.

 On the following tree, David is #11.  All genealogy is from the Tanakh with Chronicles I and II dealing with genealogy and having much information.  

Descendants of Judah:

1  Judah

.... +Tamar

2  Perez

... 3  [12] Hezron

......... +Unnamed

...... 4  Ram "Aram"

......... 5  Amminadab

........... 6  Nahshon b: 1465

.............. 7  [6] Elimelech b: 1934 in Bethlehem

.................... +[5] NAOMI b: 1934 in Bethlehem

................. 8  [7] Mahlon

....................... +[8] RUTH of Royalty b: in Moab d: in Bethlehem

................. 8  [9] Chilion b: in Bethlehem

....................... +[10] Orpah b: in Moab

.............. 7  [1] kinsman of Naomi; Boaz  b: 1935

................. 8  [2] father of Jesse Obed

.................... 9  [3] father of David Jesse

....................... 10  [4] Eliab b: 1010

.............. 7  Salma SALMON

................. 8  [1] kinsman of Naomi; Boaz  b: 1935

.................... 9  [2] father of Jesse Obed

....................... 10  [3] father of David Jesse

......................... 11  [4] Eliab b: 1010

................. 8  son of Salmon (Naomi's father) b: 1933

.................... 9  [5] NAOMI b: 1934 in Bethlehem

.......................... +[6] Elimelech b: 1934 in Bethlehem

....................... 10  [7] Mahlon

............................. +[8] RUTH of Royalty b: in Moab d: in Bethlehem

....................... 10  [9] Chilion b: in Bethlehem

............................. +[10] Orpah b: in Moab

.................... +Milkah

................. 8  kinsman of Naomi Boaz b: in Bethlehem

....................... +[8] RUTH of Royalty b: in Moab d: in Bethlehem

.................... 9  Oved Obed b: in 11th century BCE

....................... 10  father of David, JESSE b: in Bethlehem d: in J1 ?

............................. +Ithra's Daughter d: in father J1-Arab line

......................... 11  Abigail

............................... +Jether the Ishmaelite

......................... 11  Zeruiah

......................... 11  [4] Eliab b: 1010

......................... 11  Shimea b: 1013

......................... 11  Nethanel b: 1014

......................... 11  Raddai b: 1015

......................... 11  Ozem b: 1016

......................... 11  [11] King of Israel David reigned 1030 in 1000 BCE Bethlehem d: in 960 BCE

............................... +MICHAL EGLAH b: 1040 m: 1059 m: 1059

......................... *2nd Wife of [11] King of Israel David:

............................... +Michal Eglah m: 1059 m: 1059

......................... *3rd Wife of [11] King of Israel David:

............................... +2nd Wife Abigail b: 1045 in Carmelite m: 1065 m: 1065

......................... *4th Wife of [11] King of Israel David:

............................... +Bathsheba b: 1050 in Giloh, Judah m: 1070 m: 1070

......................... *5th Wife of [11] King of Israel David:

............................... +Maachah From Geshur m: 1075 m: 1075

......................... *6th Wife of [11] King of Israel David:

............................... +Merab m: 1076 m: 1076

......................... *7th Wife of [11] King of Israel David:

............................... +Haggith m: 1077 m: 1077

......................... *Partner of [11] King of Israel David:

............................... +Abital m: 1078 m: 1078

......................... *8th Wife of [11] King of Israel David:

............................... +Maacah m: 1089 m: 1089

......................... *9th Wife of [11] King of Israel David:

............................... +Ahinoam of Jezreel m: 1091 m: 1091

...... 4  Jerahmeel

...... 4  Chelubal Caled

... *2nd Wife of [12] Hezron:

......... +daughter of Makir Abijah

...... 4  Segub

...... 4  Ashhur

... 3  Zerah

2  twin of Perez Zereh

Resource:

The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia, 1992, 7th edition

Tanakh, Torah, Old Testament,  Stone Edition; my research

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genealogy_of_Jesus#:~:text=Matthew%20begins%20by%20calling%20Jesus,to%20David%20and%20to%20Abraham.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew-New Testament

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David

Best Mother in Law Ever: Naomi

 Nadene Goldfoot                                              

The United States has had many War Brides as new immigrants to the USA.  During WWII, our soldiers brought back many.  How many of these young ladies would have decided to remain with their mother- in- laws if their husbands had suddenly passed way?  Would they have been happy to have left their family and native homeland and live the rest of their lives with their new mother-in-laws in a new land?  

Precise totals are hard to determine, but between the years 1942 and 1952, about one million American soldiers married foreign women from 50 different countries. As many as 100,000 war brides were British, 150,000 to 200,000 hailed from continental Europe, and another 16,000 came from Australia and New Zealand. There were brides from non-Allied countries, too. Military estimates indicate that 50,000 to 100,000 servicemen wed women from countries of the Far East, including Japan, and immigration records show that by 1950, 14,175 German brides of American servicemen had entered the United States.

It’s easy to imagine that young men experiencing lengthy deployments overseas would turn to available females for companionship. But what made so many foreign women enter relationships with American soldiers when their families and communities often disapproved of such unions? Their decisions often came down to proximity, opportunity, and generosity, or some combination of the three.

Over 3,000 years ago, Ruth had to decide what to do when her husband, Mahlon, an Israelite, died.  She was a Moabite, and remained with her Israelite mother-in-law, Naomi and was to live in Bethlehem.                                   

Actually both sons of Naomi had died leaving two Moabite widows.  Orpah, wife of the 2nd son,  Chillion, decided to part from Naomi and Ruth.  They had all been living together for about 10 years in Moab.  Ruth's statement to Naomi has been remembered:  "

Where you go, I will go.  Where you lodge, I will lodge.  Your people are my people, and your G-d is my G-d;  where you die, I will die, and there I will be buried.  Thus may Hashem do to me, and so may He do more, if anything but death separates me from you."

 Moab, a mountainous kingdom,  was directly East of Judah with the Dead Sea separating the two kingdoms.  Today, Moab has become Southern Transjordan. now just called Jordan. 

Moab was bound by the Heshbon River in the North, the Zered River in South, the Jordan River and the Dead Sea to the West, and the Syrian Desert on the East.

Ruth gleaning in the field belonging to Boaz, helping Naomi. 

This has been going on for the past 6,000 years of personally taking wheat and grinding it into flour to make bread.  

Moabites were known to be kindred to the Israelites;  distant cousins.  They were traditionally descended from Lot, the nephew of Abraham.  So were the Ammonites, for that matter.  (Gen.19:37).  

Their language was akin to biblical Hebrew, so at that time they Mahlon and Ruth were speaking the very same language.  

This was the patriarchal era, and so they had settled in their land which had been captured from the Rephaim-people living at time of Abraham in Transjordania, moving near Jerusalem in the "Valley of Rephaim".   (or Emim Deut 2:10-11). (Gen. 14-5) 

Going back further to the actual Exodus period, part of this territory came under the rule of the Amorite monarch, Sihon, but after his defeat by the Israelites, was occupied by them, and became an object of contention between Israel, Moab, and Ammon.  

Originally divided into small tribes, the Moabites united into a single kingdom, and it was their 2nd ruler, Balak, who summoned Balaam to curse the Israelites in the biblical history.  Under their King Eglon, the Moabites extended their territory to the Jericho region until Eglon was killed by Judge Ehud of Israel who was a Benjaminite.  Ehud saved Israel from the oppression of Eglon.  (Judg.3)                                 

Ruth and Naomi gleaning Boaz's field.  In those days, instead of going to the supermarket together, they really had to work for the wheat to grind into flour to make bread.  

As impoverished women in that ancient culture, Naomi and Ruth had few options for earning a living. That explains why Ruth sought to glean in the fields of Judah (2:1–2). According to the Mosaic law, when the Israelites harvested crops from their fields, they were to leave some plants at the edges and some of the gleanings, the bits of grain that the harvesters would drop or otherwise miss as they went through the fields. The purpose for this legislation was so that the poor and the sojourners traveling through the land could eat from what was left in the fields (Lev. 19:9–10).

Ruth set out and “happened” to come upon the portion of a field where Boaz, a “worthy man,” grew his crops (Ruth 2:1–3). One commentator notes that “worthy man” means something close to our conception of a knight—a valiant, generous individual inclined to protect the defenseless. And of course, in the view of Scripture, nothing ever occurs by happenstance (Prov. 16:33). "When the lot is cast in the lap, its entire judgment has been decided by Hashem (G-d)."

         Ruth meets Boaz in his field

The author is encouraging us to look beneath the explicit details of the account to see the hand of G-d’s providence. G-d brought Ruth to encounter Boaz, and as the story unfolds we will see why that was. It is an amazing story of two widows, young and old, living together with virtually no money, having to glean a field to acquire wheat to work with in order to have bread to eat and to be the ancestors of the King of their land, Israel.                                  

              David who had killed Goliath with a slingshot was used to killing wolves who preyed on his sheep.

Israel wasn't a nation until King Saul's day, and David, the descendant, had been Saul's armor-bearer at age 25. It was quite a feat for the shepherd that he had been. David was the best friend of Saul's son, Jonathan.   David had been an outstanding teen-ager by killing Goliath, the Philistine giant from Gath in a single combat.  That certainly was something on his resume.   

David conquered Moab, but Ruth lived way before that period.  Ruth's story was of a daughter-in-law living with her mother-in-law, Naomi in Bethlehem.  Naomi realized that Ruth was a young woman, and connected her to her kinsman, Boaz, a fairly wealthy man with property.  It was a good match, and so they married.  

Naomi at this time was a widow.  She had been married to Elimelech.  They had taken their sons, Mahlon and Chilion out of their home town, Bethlehem, and had gone to live in  Moab during a period of famine in Bethlehem.  Several years later, her husband and then her  sons, Mahlon and Chilion  died, either all 3 in battle or in some sort of disease.   That's when she took Ruth with her on her return to Bethlehem.  

"The Bible presents Naomi as the wife of Elimelech, who is related to Boaz. The midrash supplies additional genealogical details about Naomi and her family. According to the BT (Bava Batra 91a), Elimelech, Salmon (Boaz’s father), the anonymous redeemer, and Naomi’s father were brothers, all the sons of Nahshon son of Amminadab (who is explicitly mentioned at the end of the Book of Ruth as Salmon’s father). In other words, Elimelech was not only Naomi’s husband, but also her uncle and the uncle of Boaz. According to other exegetical sources, Elimelech was Boaz’s brother (Ruth Rabbah 6:6) or cousin (Ruth Zuta 2:1)."

As we see, Boaz, a relative, was close to her.  She must have had other relatives as well still living in Bethlehem. Ruth then met Boaz through Naomi and they married.   

Ruth and Boaz had a son, Obed. (Chronicles I 2:12) In the Hebrew Bible, Obed (Hebrew: עוֹבֵד, 'Ōḇēḏ, "worshipper") was a son of Boaz and Ruth, the father of Jesse, and the grandfather of David. 

Obed was the father of Jesse.  Jesse married Ithra's daughter and had 7 sons.  David was the youngest of them. Ruth was the great grandmother of King David, and Naomi would have been David's great great grandmother.  David's father was an Israelite and his mother was a Moabite.  About 50% of his genes came from his father and about 50% from his mother.

 David became the King of Israel and reigned from 1000 to 960 BCE. and of course was born in Bethlehem.  I do believe he is still more famous than his famous son, King Solomon.  David was special.  (Dah-veed, Melech Yisrael, khi, khi, vik eye ay-noo) David Melech Yisrael is a Jewish song about David, an important king of ancient Israel. Its lyrics are simple and consist of only five words which are repeated many times.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8AQHUP5VQcE  It's fitting that we can sing about David since he was so musical, himself, playing the harp-like instrument for King Saul and singing to him to ease Saul's pain.  

Jews believe that a Messiah will come (different concept from Christian messiah).  The Jewish Messiah will be a human leader, but a descendant of David who would break the alien yoke on the Jews and establish a golden age.  After 70 CE's destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans, , an ingathering of Israel would take place under the scion of David's house who would be the Lord's anointed.  General Bar Kokhba was acclaimed the Messiah in the year 131 CE, but turned out to incorrect.  He had almost filled the bill, but things went from bad to worse.  Christians are waiting for Jesus to return but Jews continue to wait.  I note that it's 217 more years till the Jewish year of 6,000.  That should be a noteworthy year.  Right now, things are bad enough in the world.  Can it get worse and need the Messiah to come and save the planet?  

Resource

https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/naomi-midrash-and-aggadah

The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obed_(biblical_figure)#:~:text=In%20the%20Hebrew%20Bible%2C%20Obed,and%20the%20Gospel%20of%20Luke.

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y8vLjPctrcU  wheat to bread

http://www.americainwwii.com/articles/war-brides/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amminadab#:~:text=History,Israelite%20exile%20in%20Ancient%20Egypt.