Nadene Goldfoot
We left off finding our Israelite ancestors coming from Mesopotamia during the height of Babylon in the large city of Ur near the mouth of the Euphrates River. Where did they come from? Abraham was the father of Judaism and he was born in about 1948 BCE or that he lived at the beginning of the 2nd millennium BCE. That means about 4,000 years ago.
His father, Terah, came from Haran. Terah named another son, Haran. Haran was a trading town and center of a moon cult. The ruins of the city of Harran, called Haran (Hebrew: חָרָן, Ḥārān) in the Hebrew Bible, might lie within present-day Turkey. Haran first appears in the Book of Genesis as the home of Terah and his descendants, and as Abraham's temporary home. Later biblical passages list Haran among some cities and lands subjugated by Assyrian rulers and among Tyre's trading partners. Tyre is now in Lebanon.
Mesopotamian civilizations formed on the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is today Iraq and Kuwait. Early civilizations began to form around the time of the Neolithic Revolution—12,000 BCE. We have Abraham born in about 1,948 BCE, That's a difference of 11,052 years.
The Neolithic Revolution—also referred to as the Agricultural Revolution—is thought to have begun about 12,000 years ago. It coincided with the end of the last ice age and the beginning of the current geological epoch, the Holocene. The Holocene and the preceding Pleistocene together form the Quaternary period.
One species, called woolly mammoths, roamed the cold tundra of Europe, Asia, and North America from about 300,000 years ago up until about 10,000 years ago. (But the last known group of woolly mammoths survived until about 1650 B.C.—that's over a thousand years after the Pyramids at Giza were built!)
The Holocene Epoch is the current period of geologic time. Another term that is sometimes used is the Anthropocene Epoch, because its primary characteristic is the global changes caused by human activity. This term can be misleading, though; modern humans were already well established long before the epoch began. The Holocene Epoch began 12,000 to 11,500 years ago at the close of the Paleolithic Ice Age and continues through today.
In Holocene, however, the domestication of plants and animals allowed human civilization to develop villages and towns in centralized locations. Archaeological data shows that between 10,000 to 7,000 BP rapid domestication of plants and animals took place in tropical and subtropical parts of Asia, Africa, and Central America. The development of farming allowed human civilization to transition away from hunter-gatherer nomadic cultures, which did not establish permanent settlements, to a more sustainable sedentary lifestyle.
By roughly 6,000 to 8,000 years ago, agriculture was well under way in several regions including Ancient Egypt, around the Nile River; the Indus Valley civilization; Mesopotamia, between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers; and Ancient China, along the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. This is because the regular river floods made for fertile soil around the banks and the rivers could also supply fresh water to irrigate crops. It’s no coincidence that as agriculture allowed for denser and denser populations along with more specialized societies, some of the world’s first civilizations developed in these areas as well. So the Euphrates River attracted people. Both the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers emptied into the Persian Gulf and that into the Arabian Sea. The people attracted could have come from Arabia or any others living nearby.
The Euphrates and
To feed and cool his buffaloes, Hashem Gassed must cross 10 kilometers (six miles) of sunburnt land in southern Iraq, where drought is devastating swathes of the mythical Mesopotamian Marshes.
For millennia, the southern part of the Mesopotamia has been a wetland region generated by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers before flowing into the Gulf. This area has been occupied by human communities since ancient times and the present-day inhabitants, the Marsh Arabs, are considered the population with the strongest link to ancient Sumerians. Popular tradition, however, considers the Marsh Arabs as a foreign group, of unknown origin, which arrived in the marshlands when the rearing of water buffalo was introduced to the region.
To shed some light on the paternal and maternal origin of this population, Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation was surveyed in 143 Marsh Arabs and in a large sample of Iraqi controls.
Analyses of the haplogroups and sub-haplogroups observed in the Marsh Arabs revealed a prevalent autochthonous Middle Eastern component for both male and female gene pools, with weak South-West Asian and African contributions, more evident in mtDNA. A higher male than female homogeneity is characteristic of the Marsh Arab gene pool, likely due to a strong male genetic drift determined by socio-cultural factors (patrilocality, polygamy, unequal male and female migration rates).
Y-haplogroups were inferred through using Whit Athey's Haplogroup Predictor; the results showed that the most common haplogroup (34.6%) in Iraqi Arabs was J1 as detected earlier. The Cohen group in Judaism is also J1. It's called the Cohen gene. Arabs have a different ending showing they are Arabs, not Jews, usually.
The last ice age been wiped out people in east Asia as well as Europe. The new study started with an ancient mystery. DNA from a male jawbone in Tianyuan Cave near Beijing proved that modern humans arrived in East Asia some 40,000 years ago. They were still there 34,000 years ago, according to DNA from a female skullcap found in Mongolia's Salkhit Valley. But after that, their trail went cold: From 34,000 to 9000 years ago, the fossil record has a massive gap across the China Plateau, which extends from Mongolia to northern China and eastern Russia. By 12,000 years ago, newer styles of stone toolkits and pottery appeared in the region, but archaeologists debated who had made them—new migrants or the descendants of the earlier group. "There were definitely modern humans living in East Asia 40,000 years ago, but who knows what happened to them?" says paleogeneticist Qiaomei Fu of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Our deep deep ancestors had been around for a long long time before Abraham came along with Sarah, his niece. Yes, she was his wife as well. Things weren't a modern as they are today. Populations were a lot smaller, back then.
Cities had their own kings. The Battle of the Vale of Siddim, also often called the War of Nine Kings or the Slaughter of Chedorlaomer, is an event in the Hebrew Bible book of Genesis 14:1–17 that occurs in the days of Abram and Lot. Amraphel was the king of Shinar a city later of Babel, then Babylonia. Arioch was king of Eliasar. Chedorlaomer was king of Elam. ( Elam was a region in the
So, only 12,000 years before Abraham was born we have Asians and Europeans looking for a new home. They were homo Sapiens like us, like Abraham.
Resource:
https://www.science.org/content/article/last-ice-age-wiped-out-people-east-asia-well-europe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocene
https://www.livescience.com/28219-holocene-epoch.html
The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature01019
https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/prehistoric/facts/woolly-mammoth#:~:text=One%20species%2C%20called%20woolly%20mammoths,at%20Giza%20were%20built!)
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