Showing posts with label ancient Egypt. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ancient Egypt. Show all posts

Tuesday, January 24, 2023

Our 613 Laws From Moses Rediscussed Along With UAPs. Uri Geller and Homosexuality

 Nadene Goldfoot                                             

The Torah or Old Testament Bible tells us of the Commandments or Laws that Moses taught to his people, the Ivrim or Hebrews.  These were ideas possibly new to the people.  The first 10 makes me wonder what went on before Moses brought the 10 Commandments.  Number 7 was thou shalt not commit adultery.  Therefore it is understood that the man married a woman.  We know that Jacob had taken 4 wives in order to have more children.  This led him to have 12 sons and one daughter that were written about.  King Solomon had a harem, a very large one and his father, David had about 10 wives.  

People create laws in their country to make life easier for all.  Moses was born and raised in Egypt where he received the education given to the children of the pharaoh, being his adopted mother was the daughter of the pharaoh.  Homosexuality in ancient Egypt is a disputed subject within Egyptology. Historians and egyptologists alike debate what kinds of views the ancient Egyptians' society fostered about homosexuality. Only a handful of direct clues survive, and many possible indications are vague and subject to speculation.

     The men, Nyankh and Khnum, kissing.  

The best known case of possible homosexuality in ancient Egypt is that of the two high officials Nyankh-Khnum and Khnum-hotep. Both men lived and served under pharaoh Niuserre during the 5th Dynasty (c. 2494–2345 BC).  This was way before Moses  (1391- 1271 BCE)over 1,103 years later.  Nyankh-Khnum and Khnum-hotep each had families of their own with children and wives, but when they died their families apparently decided to bury them together in the same mastaba tomb. In this mastaba, several paintings depict both men embracing each other and touching their faces nose-on-nose. These depictions leave plenty of room for speculation, because in ancient Egypt the nose-on-nose touching normally represented a kiss.

Egyptologists and historians disagree about how to interpret the paintings of Nyankh-khnum and Khnum-hotep. Some scholars believe that the paintings reflect an example of homosexuality between two married men and prove that the ancient Egyptians accepted same-sex relationships. Other scholars disagree and interpret the scenes as an evidence that Nyankh-khnum and Khnum-hotep were twins, or even possibly conjoined twins. No matter what interpretation is correct, the paintings show at the very least that Nyankh-khnum and Khnum-hotep must have been very close to each other in life as in death.

Moses and Aaron, his brother.  The text of the Ten Commandments appears twice in the Hebrew Bible: at Exodus 20:2–17 and Deuteronomy 5:6–21  The following comes from Deuteronomy.  

1. I am Hashem, your G-d,who has taken you out of the land of Egypt, from the house of slavery.

2. You shall not recognize the gods of others in My Presence.

3. You shall not make yourself a carved image of any likeness of that which is in the heavens above or on the earth below or in the water beneath the earth.  

4. You shall not prostate yourself to them nor worship them, for I am Hashem, your G-d--a jealous G-d, who visits the sin of fathers upon children to the 3rd and 4th generations, for my enemies, but who shows kindness for thousands of generations, to those who love me and observe my commandments.  

5. You shall not take the NAME  of Hashem, your G-d, in vain, for Hashem will not absolve anyone who takes his name in vain.

6. Safeguard the Sabbath day to sanctify it, as Hashem, your G-d, has commanded you.  . Six days shall your labor and accomplish all your work.  . On the 7th day is Sabbath to Hashem, your G0d;  you shall not do any work--you, your son, your daughter, your slave, your maidservant, your ox, your donkey, and your every animal, and your convert within your gates, in  order that your slave and your maidservant may rest like you.   And you shall remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt and Hashem, your G-d, has taken you out from there with a strong hand and an outstretched arm;  therefore Hashem, your G-d, has commanded you to make the Sabbath day.  

7.  Honor your father and your mother, as Hashem , your G-d, commanded you, so that your days will be lengthened and so that it will be good for you, upon the land that Hashem, your G-d, gives you.

8. You shall not kill:  

9. And you shall not commit adultery:  and you shall not steal;  and you shall not bear vain witness against your fellow. (Adultery (from Latin adulterium) is extramarital sex that is considered objectionable on social, religious, moral, or legal grounds. Although the sexual activities that constitute adultery vary, as well as the social, religious, and legal consequences, the concept exists in many cultures and is similar  in Christianity, Judaism and Islam. Adultery is viewed by many jurisdictions as offensive to public morals, undermining the marriage relationship.)

10. And you shall not covet your fellow's wife, you shall not desire your fellow's house, his field, his slave, his maidservant, his ox, his donkey, or anything that belongs to your fellow.                        


These words Hashem spoke to your entire congregation on the mountain from the midst of the fire, the cloud, and the thick cloud---a great voice, never to be repeated---and he inscribed them on 2 stone Tablets and gave them to me.  It happened that when you heard the voice from the midst of the darkness and the mountain was burning in fire that you----all the heads of your tribes and your elders----approached me.  (Moses was speaking.)


In today's era, with the possibility that many people have seen UFO's in the sky and that this is a real possibility that we are being monitored by some other planet or planets, especially with our atom bomb capabilities,  we can read our history with a different slant, that this is not fiction but may well be the truth.  Jews have always accepted the Torah as our truth, of which Judaism as evolved.  

                                                                    

    Uri Geller predicted alien invasion after baffling discovery  and warned NASA to prepare.  He just had his 76th birthday in December.  

As of January 18th of this year, there have been 350 new sightings added to the US government records, or UAP.   “Unidentified aerial phenomena” (UAP)—since March 2021, according to a report from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) released last week.


 Uri was somewhat of a magician appearing on many shows.  Uri Geller (/ˈʊəri ˈɡɛlər/ OOR-ee GHEL-ər; Hebrew: אורי גלר; born 20 December 1946) is an Israeli-British illusionist, magician, television personality, and self-proclaimed psychic. He is known for his trademark television performances of spoon bending and other illusions. Geller uses conjuring tricks to simulate the effects of psychokinesis and telepathy. Geller's career as an entertainer has spanned more than four decades, with television shows and appearances in many countries. Magicians have called Geller a fraud due to his claims of possessing psychic powers.

 His mother and father were of Austrian-Jewish and Hungarian-Jewish background respectively. Geller is the son of Itzhaak Geller (Gellér Izsák), a retired army sergeant major, and Margaret "Manzy" Freud (Freud Manci). Geller claims that he is a distant relative of Sigmund Freud on his mother's side.  Listen, he made a good living.  It was exciting to see him perform on TV.  

Whether he was a magician or not, it was an amazing production.  

A study was commissioned by the United States Defense Intelligence Agency as part of the Stargate Project and conducted during August 1973 at Stanford Research Institute (now known as SRI International) by parapsychologists Harold E. Puthoff and Russell Targ. Geller was isolated and asked to reproduce simple drawings prepared in another room. Writing about the same study in a 1974 article published in the journal Nature, they concluded that he had performed successfully enough to warrant further serious study.   


  An unidentified aerial phenomenon captured by the U.S. Navy.  U.S. Department of Defense

Of the 366 new UAP records, more than half were listed as having “unremarkable characteristics,” with 163 characterized as “balloon or balloon-like entities.” The other “unremarkable” sightings were characterized as drones or drone-like objects or attributed to clutter like airborne plastic bags, weather events or birds.                          

A former military official has made a shocking revelation about UFOsImage: Getty Images)  A former senior military officer has spoken at a public debate and made an astonishing revelation - that UFOs are real. Luis Eizondo is an intelligence officer and has worked with the US Army and the Department of Defense, appeared at a forum organised by the To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science.

The event focused on research into UFOs, or unexplained aerial phenomena, and related technology, and Luis explained that he once worked on a project that investigated the threat of alien spacecraft. He then went on to say how he had seen genuine evidence of alien vessel -OYALS

            

When Moses climbed Mount Sinai to receive the Ten Commandments, his brother Aaron helped the Israelites build a Canaanite idol to worship. This painting from 1633 of Aaron and the Israelites by Nicolas Poussin is housed in The National Gallery in London.

ILLUSTRATION BY FINE ART IMAGES,ERITAGEIMAGES/GETTY                                                                    

 To this day, there are scholars from other religions who  disagree about when the Ten Commandments were written and by whom, with some modern scholars suggesting that they were likely modeled on Hittite and Mesopotamian laws and treaties..Yet Judaism has survived over 3,000 years, and seems to me to be the gold standard of human beings.  No other religion or teaching's goal is that of human behavior like Judaism is. The principal of Judaism is behavior while we are on earth, alive.  

The Ten Commandments form the basis of Jewish law, stating God's universal and timeless standard of right and wrong – unlike the rest of the 613 commandments in the Torah, which include, for example, various duties and ceremonies such as the kashrut dietary laws, and the rituals to be performed by priests in the Holy Temple. 

An early Christian writer, did a treatise on circumcision

Jewish tradition considers the Ten Commandments the theological basis for the rest of the commandments. Philo, in his four-book work The Special Laws, treated the Ten Commandments as headings under which he discussed other related commandments. Similarly, in The Decalogue he stated that "under [the "commandment… against adulterers"] many other commands are conveyed by implication, such as that against seducers, that against practisers of unnatural crimes, that against all who live in debauchery, that against all men who indulge in illicit and incontinent connections." Others, such as Rabbi Saadia Gaon, have also made groupings of the commandments according to their links with the Ten Commandments.     


According to Conservative Rabbi Louis Ginzberg, Ten Commandments are virtually entwined, in that the breaking of one leads to the breaking of another.

The traditional Rabbinical Jewish belief is that the observance of these commandments and the other mitzvot are required solely of the Jewish people and that the laws incumbent on humanity in general are outlined in the seven Noahide laws, several of which overlap with the Ten Commandments. In the era of the Sanhedrin transgressing any one of six of the Ten Commandments theoretically carried the death penalty, the exceptions being the First Commandment, honouring your father and mother, saying God's name in vain, and coveting, though this was rarely enforced due to a large number of stringent evidentiary requirements imposed by the oral law.

Resource;

Tanakh, The Stone Edition (Old Testament)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Commandments

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uri_Geller

http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/yonge/book27.html

Sunday, June 30, 2019

The Census It's History and Adding Info on Citizenship

Nadene Goldfoot 
                                                       
King Tut or Tutankhamun c1341-1323 BCE

was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th  dynasty.

Egypt may have been the first civilization to have a census of their population.

Can you imagine?  They existed so far back that they also lived in the year of 2040 and we are existing in 2019 but they were so far back, over 4,000 years ago. 

"Censuses in Egypt first appeared in the late Middle Kingdom (2040 BCE-1782 BCE)  and developed in the New Kingdom Pharaoh Amasis, according to Herodotus, required every Egyptian to declare annually to the nomarch, "whence he gained his living". Under the Ptolemies and the Romans several censuses were conducted in Egypt by government officials."
c. 1802 BCE - c. 1800 BCE
Reign of Sobekhotep I, first king of the 13th Dynasty, in Egypt. The Middle Kingdom declines after him."

Ancient Egyptian culture flourished between c. 5500 BCE with the rise of technology (as evidenced in the glass-work of faience) and 30 BCE with the death of Cleopatra VII, the last Ptolemaic ruler of Egypt. 

Moses was adopted by a daughter of a pharoah and raised as his son so was highly educated in the ways of Egypt.  He was already 80 years old when he set out from his home to talk the present pharoah into letting the Israelite slaves leave which would have been in about 1311 BCE.  
Egyptian music and dancing 
                                                    
Amenhotep II (sometimes called Amenophis II and meaning 'Amun is Satisfied') was the seventh Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Egypt. Amenhotep inherited a vast kingdom from his father Thutmose III, and held it by means of a few military campaigns in Syria; however, he fought much less than his father, and his reign saw the effective cessation of hostilities between Egypt and Mitanni, the major kingdoms vying for power in Syria. His reign is usually dated from 1427 to 1401 BC.  He's probably the Pharaoh before
Moses was accidentally rescued by the Egyptian princess from death by an Egyptian decree of killing all baby boys.
 

After Thutmose III died, his son Amonhotep II (named after his great-grandfather) came to the throne (after 2-year period of co-reign with his father).
• He was also an astute warrior and leader, but even more brutal than his father.
• He also held the position of High Priest of Ptah in Memphis.
• He ruled for 25-years and led numerous campaigns that solidified Egypt as the most powerful nation in the region, for example putting down the Syrian revolts after Thutmose died.
• His reign is relatively event free and he died after 25 years on the throne and his son, Thutmose IV came to power.
• Thutmose IV changed some religious beliefs and slowed temple building but his greatest change was that of foreign policy.

Israel                                 


Moses lived from 1391 BCE to the age of 120 by 1271 BCE.  He took his people out of Egypt who were in bondage the past 400 years to lead them back to where Abraham and Jacob had lived in Canaan.  Who the pharaoh was at the time of Moses is not known as he was not named in our Tanakh.  The dates of Gentile researchers do not always agree with our Jewish references, either.  According to these records, King Tut was a good candidate as the pharaoh, but he as known more as a boy king.   No matter, I figure that Moses was already familiar with the concept of the census from living in Egypt and was part of the royal family.  

"Censuses are mentioned in the Bible". 


Moses took a census as told in Numbers Chapter 1 and had a total of 603,550 people as they started after leaving Egypt.  At the end, as told in Numbers 26, they had a total of 601,730.  They had a loss after 40 years of traveling of 1,820 from some of their 12 tribes.  The tribes that had lost population were Reuben, Simeon, Naphtali, Gad, and Ephraim.  The others had gained population with Manasseh gaining the most with a 20,500 increase.  Out of the 12 tribes on the Exodus, Judah had gained 1,900.  This is the tribe that we Jews came from along with some of Benjamin who gained 10,200.  

God commands a per capita tax to be paid with the census in Exodus 30:11-16 for the upkeep of the Tabernacle. The Book of Numbers is named after the counting of the Israelite population (in Numbers 1-4)  according to the house of the Fathers after the exodus from Egypt. A second census was taken while the Israelites were camped in the plains of Moab, in Numbers 26. 

King David (1010-970 BCE) performed a census that produced disastrous results (in 2 Samuel 24. and 1 Chronicles 21.  Here, he had been enticed to do so.  It was not a requirement from Hashem like Moses had received.   In Chronicles 21, it says "A Satan, an evil impulse enticed David to count Israel." His son, King Solomon, had all of the foreigners in Israel counted in 2nd Chronicles 2:17. 
"Counting the population is improper, even sinful, because it is likely to be motivated by a vain desire to know the exact strategic potency of the nation, which in turn leads the people to believe that their salvation is in strength of numbers and not in G0d's desire for their well-being.  Consequently, such a counting of the population is likely to bode ill for the people involved, which is  why Joab tried to convince David not to do it.  To dispel the notion that salvation is in numbers, the Torah in Exodus 30:12-16 commands that a census always be done in such a way that there is another reason for it, that is like the raising of funds. "                                       
When the Romans took over Judea in 6 ce 
the legate Publius Sulpicius Quirinius organised a census for tax purposes. The Gospel of Luke links the birth of Jesus to this event.  Luke 2. "

Today in the USA the question has come up of including whether or not people were US citizens and most were appalled at such a question, yet it has been in many censuses since 1920, I believe.  AL is one of the initials used to show if they were or not or were naturalized.                     

On my paternal grandmother's census information of January 8, 1920, I recorded that it said she was PA, meaning she had filed her 1st paper of Declaration of Intent.  By then she was a widow with 4 children to support.  She was also on the 1910 census but they had not asked that question then.  She had immigrated from Suwalki, Lithuania/Poland in 1903  but listed only as Russia on this 1910 census.  She could not speak English, only Yiddish, but the census takers listed her as Addie when her name was Zlata.  After many confabs with family members we discovered that she was born and raised in Lazdijai, Suwalki, Lithuania which had been taken over by Poland.  All her records come from Poland.  

Other people might be listed as AL or something else.  The 1900 to 1940 Census Records tell whether a person was naturalized. Year of Naturalization is given in the 1920 Census.


Abbreviations used in the Citizenship column of census records: AL=Alien; NA=Naturalized; NR=Not Reported; PA=First Papers Filed (declaration of intention); AM CIT=American Citizen Born Abroad (used in the 1940 census).

PA=Declarations of Intention (also called "First Papers")
The record by which an applicant for United States citizenship declared their intent to become a citizen and renounced their allegiance to a foreign government. Early records of this type (before September 27, 1906) usually will have: name, country of birth or allegiance (but not town), date of the application and signature. Some (but very few) show the date and port of arrival in the United States. After September 26, 1906 much more detailed information is given including place of birth and port and date of arrival.

Beginning with 1795 a person could declare their intent to become a citizen at any time after they arrived in the United States. A few people did this almost immediately upon arrival.

The Declaration of Intention requirement ended in 1952 (although immigrants can still file a declaration if they want to; it is optional).

An Act of 17 July 1862, stated: "any alien, of the age of twenty-one years and upwards, who has enlisted, or may enlist in the armies of the United States, either the regulars or volunteer forces, and has been, or may be hereafter, honorably discharged, shall be admitted to become a citizen of the United States, upon his petition, without any previous declaration of intention to become such; and he shall not be required to prove more than one year's residence." (Act of July 17, 1862, 12 Stat. 597, section 21) 

Basically this allowed an honorably discharged Civil War veteran (who fought for the Union) to apply for citizenship without filing a declaration of intention and without the usual 5 year residency requirement. It did not grant him automatic citizenship - he still had to apply, but the naturalization process was expedited.

This legislation was enacted to encourage aliens (non-citizens) to enlist during the Civil War, and it also applied to later wars.

I might add that census information is vital for genealogy.  We would know nothing had it not been for census information that every country keeps in some form or another.  The USA takes it every 10 years and some states take it every 5 years or did so.  It wasn't until 1850 that women were named on the census.  Up until then the method was done in tally style.  Finally we had husbands and wives listed with the names of their children, year born, and in 1900 the month was included!  Oh, we all look forward now to the time when the 1950 census will be available for the public.  I remember going crazy with glee over the 1940 census.  It included streets they lived on.  Someday those illegal people in our country will be happy that they were on the census and had such information.  It's a part of their family history and a way they are not forgotten people.  Maybe they will have to use an IL for illegal status.  Who knows?  It's all a part of living here.  We have to know things; first for the nation and second for genealogy.  
Resource:

Tanach (Old Testament) The Stone Edition


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