Saturday, April 30, 2022

The Size of the Original Israel As Per Biblical Directions: King Saul and David's Land of Israel

 Nadene Goldfoot                                         

               

  King Saul and King David's Land of Israel,60% desert land

Israel's frontiers were determined in the Bible.  The definitions of the limits of this territory vary between passages in the Hebrew Bible, with specific mentions in Genesis 15, Exodus 23, Numbers 34 and Ezekiel 47. Nine times elsewhere in the Bible, the settled land is referred as "from Dan to Beersheba", and three times it is referred as "from the entrance of Hamath unto the brook of Egypt" (1 Kings 8:65, 1 Chronicles 13:5 and 2 Chronicles 7:8).  Jews were told through Moses, and then Moses told Joshua, and it was written down by Moses as to the size of the land.  The Jews were given this immense responsibility.  

1. They are approximately on the West, the Mediterranean Sea:

2. On the East, the Syrian Desert;

3. On the South, the Brook of Egypt (Wadi El-  Arish to Kadesh Barnea, and to the Brook of Zin as far as the Valley Zoar South of the Dead Sea, and

4. In Transjordan from the River Arnon to Mt. Hermon, and to the Valley of Iyon.

Its total total surface is 17,500 square miles of which about 45% is in Transjordan.  The extent of the Promised Land, (Jewish Homeland)  reached the Pelusium arm of the Nile Delta, the Gulf of Elath, and the Euphrates River opposite Aleppo in Syria in the East. 

 It included most of Syria and altogether covered about 58,000 square miles.  This entire area was occupied by the Israelites under David and Solomon as written in I Kings 5:4.  

                                                                         

             What Joshua from the Exodus was confronted with and how they started:  Ammon were the ancient people and country in what would become Transjordan.  The capital was Rabbath Ammon (modern Amman).  They also were a Semitic tribe, related to the Israelites as told in Genesis 19:38.  They were eventually absorbed into Arab tribes.   The Ammorite kingdoms of Sihon and Og were founded in the North and Amnon, Moab and Edom in the South.  The Israelites defeated the northern kingdoms and the cattle-keeping tribes of Reuben, Gad and half of Manasseh established themselves in their stead.  David conquered the whole of Transjordan, including the rich copper mines of the Arabah;  under the weak successors of Solomon these areas were lost again or only held temporarily.  Western Ammon was held for a time by a Jewish family, the Tobiads.  In the period after the destruction of the 1st Temple, the Edomites moved into S. Judah and their place was taken by the Nabateans.  

A series of Greek towns was established in northern Transjordan in Hellenistic times.  the Hasmoneans, from Jonathan to Alexander Yannai, conquered Golan, Gilead, and Moab.  After the Roman intervention, only a strip facing Judea on the east remained Jewish (Perea).  the Herodian dynasty ruled in northern Transjordan and many Jews settled in Golan and Bashan under its protection. 

                    Massachusetts is in New England upper right corner                            

                                      United States

 In the United States, Georgia is 57,919 square miles in size.

In the United States, Massachusetts is 7,838 square miles in size.

Israel has gone from the size of Georgia to the size of Massachusetts, also compared with New Jersey with 7,419 square miles.  If judged at 10,00 square miles, that would be similar to Maryland with 9,775 square miles.                          

Israel is approximately 21,937 sq km, while Texas is approximately 678,052 sq km, making Texas 2,991% larger than Israel. Meanwhile, the population of Israel is ~8.7 million people (16.5 million more people live in Texas).  One of the presidents was kidding around, saying that Israel could fit into his ranch's driveway.  

The actual area under Jewish control fluctuated, and there were extensive gentile enclaves within Jewish territory.

                              League of Nations Decision

1. The Jewish National Home under the British Mandate embraced only the area West of the Jordan excluding part of the Upper Galilee North of the ladder of Tyre which was given to Lebanon.  

2. The South Negev beyond the Rafia-Gulf of Elath line had been handed over by the Ottoman Empire (Turkish government) to Egypt for administration in 1906. 

                            United Nations Decision

1. The UN resolution of November 29, 1947 recommended the establishment of a Jewish state in the larger part of the mandated area of Western Palestine, although still with a complex frontier.

2. The Armistice agreements of 1949 left Israel with 8,000 square miles, a larger area than envisioned, although still with complicated borders.  Israel was attacked in a war in 1956 and again in 1967.

3. After the Six Day miracle War where All Muslim countries attacked little Israel and Israel won the war, Israel found herself in occupation of ALL of Judea and Samaria, the Golan Heights, and the Sinai up to the Suez Canal.  One must remember, Israel did not start this war.  She did not plan on having this war.  The Muslims tried to destroy her, push her into the sea and kill all, but it boomeranged on them.  It wasn't to be.

                                       Results

1. Sinai was returned to Egypt in the early 1980's. 

                                What the land is Made Up Of

1.  Historical Israel consists of 4 longitudinal belts---

     A. The Coastal Plains, twice interrupted by the Carmel promontory and the Ladder of Tyre with natural regions of the 

        1. Negev plain from the S frontier to the Brook of Besor or Wadi Gaza to

       2.  The plain of Judea--the ancient Philistia (Pelesheth) to the Ramlah-Jaffa road, 

      3. The Sharon to the Crocodile River

     4. The Carmel Coast to Haifa

     5. The plain of Haifa Bay (plain of Lower Galilee)

    6. The plain of Acre to the Ladder of Tyre (now the armistice frontier)

   7. The plain of Tyre

The breadth of the Coastal plain in the Negev averages 25 miles, in Judea 13miles, in the Sharon 11 miles, and elsewhere only a few miles.  

From the South frontier to Jaffa, sand-dunes extend 3-4.5 miles inland.

North of Tel Aviv there is continuous flat sand.  

The soil of the Negev coastal plain --where not sandy--is loess  further North it is generally red, sandy loam suitable for citriculture.

Swamps in the Sharon and Haifa Bay areas have been drained in the present century.  

The Western Highlands are divided by the plain of Jezreel and the Beersheba valley into 3 parts:

    1. Galilee;  divided by line from Acre to a point NE of Kephar Hananiah on the Sea of Galilee into Upper and Lower Galilee, the former being higher-Mt. meron-3,682 feet, and mostly of dissected highlands, causing difficulty of movement and ability of religious and ethnic groups to maintain an isolated existence.  

   2. Judea and Samaria (later becoming Transjordan with Samaria having (more broken mountains) with small valleys opening into coastal plain, more accessible than Judea, , higher rainfall, denser vegetation with Mt. Carmel of 1,660 feet and Mt. Gilboa of 1,525 feet extending to NW and NE.   with Judea which includes Jerusalem which was a village captured and developed by David in 1000 BCE.  

  3.  Negev, includes extensive plains around Beersheba.    More than 60 percent of Israel is desert. Negev, the largest desert in Israel, sits in the southern region of the country; it's home to the Ramon crater.

    B. The Western Highlands

    C. The Jordan Rift:   The Jordan Rift extends from the Iyon Valley to the Gulf of Eleath (Akaba) is about 265 miles long or 109 miles to the Dead Sea, of 50 miles. 

    D. The Eastern Highlands                                             

    What is left for Israel today, the white area, 10% of the original promised land.   


Resource;
The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia
https://www.mylifeelsewhere.com/country-size-comparison/texas-usa/israel#:~:text=Texas%20is%20about%2031%20times,more%20people%20live%20in%20Texas).
https://embassies.gov.il/MFA/AboutIsrael/Maps/Pages/Israel-Size-and-Dimension.aspx#:~:text=The%20total%20area%20of%20the,km%20is%20land%20area.
https://ffoz.org/discover/messiah-magazine/miracles-of-the-six-day-war.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B60O6Kcijso

























The Infamous Riots of 1929, in Palestine and Why It Happened

 Nadene Goldfoot                                                     

                   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XAnogTH8Yyw                     
   Below:  A Palestinian protest meeting against Jewish settlement of then-British Mandate Palestine. (Courtesy Ian Black)



On 24 August 1929 in HebronArab mobs attacked the Jewish quarter killing and raping men, women and children and looting Jewish property. They killed between 65 and 68 Jews and wounded 58, with some of the victims being tortured, or mutilated.  It continued on actually starting on the 23rd to the 29th of August.  The total deaths of Jews was 133.  


Hebron
, the city so dear to Jews, was an ancient city of Judah, 18 miles south of Jerusalem where Abraham bought from the Hittites, a plot of land that the Cave of Machpelah stood which he needed in order to bury his wife/niece, Sarah.  This became their plot where Abraham and his line were buried.  Abraham was the father of Judaism.  

It was brought about by  a longstanding dispute between Muslims and Jews over access to the Western Wall in Jerusalem that escalated into violence.

The Western Wall, also called the Wailing Wall, was the place where Jews could pray.  It had been part of the wall that enclosed Herod's Temple  that still stood in the Old City of Jerusalem.  As it happened, the area in front of this part of the wall was Muslim property, which caused the dispute. Rabbis, feeling that Jews would be standing on the Holy of Holies area of the High Priest, dissuaded Jews from praying on the Temple Mount.  The Jordanian religious leader was given the rights of ruling there by Moshe Dayan at the end of the 1967 War, so they absolutely didn't want Jews up there as they had a Mosque over the spot where Solomon's Temple had stood.  So Jews could not pray on the Temple Mount where Arabs were praying.  They had no choice left but Herod's wall, below the Holy Temple Mount.  

 Arabs were also incited to violence by rumors that Jews were planning to seize control of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. The event also left scores seriously wounded or maimed.

The riots took the form, for the most part, of attacks by Arabs on Jews accompanied by destruction of Jewish property. During the week of riots, from 23 to 29 August, 133 Jews were killed by Arabs, and 339 Jews were injured, most of whom were unarmed. There were 116 Arabs killed and at least 232 wounded, mostly by the Mandate police suppressing the riots. Around 20 Arabs were killed by Jewish attackers and indiscriminate British gunfire. After the riots, 174 Arabs and 109 Jews were charged with murder or attempted murder; around 40% of Arabs and 3% of Jews were subsequently convicted. During the riots, 17 Jewish communities were evacuated.    By 1931,  a special commission of the League of Nations had to be called to regulate the rights of the parties.  

Were the Middle Easterners affected by the 1929 Wall Street stock market crash causing the Great Depression in the USA?  10s of millions of humans suffered intense misery and suffering from this event.  Was it world-wide? 

  • From 1929–1933, production at the nation’s factories, mines, and utilities fell by more than half.
  • People’s real disposable incomes dropped 28%.
  • Stock prices collapsed to one-tenth of their pre-crash height.
  • The number of unemployed Americans rose from 1.6 million in 1929 to 12.8 million in 1933.
  • At the height of the Depression, one of every four workers was out of a job.  
No doubt.  What was happening to the USA would affect the world and everyone would at least be under stress from it. The Brits in Palestine no doubt were stressed by it.   The spectacular crash of 1929 followed five years of significant credit expansion by the Federal Reserve System under the Cool­idge Administration." In 1924, after a sharp decline in business, the Reserve banks suddenly cre­ated some $500 million in new credit, which led to a bank credit expansion of over $4 billion in less than one year. " This could be used in investments in Palestine!  

After the crash in 29, the masses rushed on the banks to withdraw their money. The pressure on banks was great and tended not to decrease with the passage of time. In 1929, 659 banks failed; in 1930, 1,352; in 1931, 2,294, and in 1932, 1,456.  Policy decisions made by the Treasury Department, the Federal Reserve, and the FDIC during the crisis of the 2000s can be linked to policies that go back as far as the 1930s. This history of bailouts reveals that the genesis of financial crisis is government policy, be it the mismanagement of monetary policy during the 1930s or the political push to expand homeownership that helped cause the 2000s crisis.

To think that these people could not come to terms on their own, and had to have the interceding of the LEAGUE OF NATIONS,, to solve the problem of letting Jews pray at the wall is simply ridiculous.  This was just a preamble of what was to come and how the Jews and Arabs could not come to terms with each other, and that by 2021 they were just beginning to with the Abrahamic Accords, and 6 Arab nations are now willing to work together with the Jewish nation of Israel besides Jordan and Egypt.                                         
     The wall is still the only place allowed the Jews on the Temple Mount.  2022.                             
                                                       

Resource:
The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1929_Palestine_riots#:~:text=On%2024%20August%201929%20in,victims%20being%20tortured%2C%20or%20mutilated.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Wall

https://www.independent.org/store/book.asp?id=94&gclid=Cj0KCQjwvLOTBhCJARIsACVldV16SVlsb8OmtNDYZoQaOJQmK3RFv0k5b1zi5TyfKvqIDI3VdZrzrJEaAjsQEALw_wcB

The first King of Saudi Arabia, Ibn Saud and Coincidences That Followed

Nadene Goldfoot                                            

King Ibn Saud/Abdulaziz ibn Abdul Rahman ibn Faisal ibn Turki ibn Abdullah ibn Muhammad Al Saud:  Profession: Founder of Saudi Arabia.  Was this our Sheik of Araby, as the  song went?     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4KPB34K6j4                                    "I'm the Sheik of Araby,

                               Your love belongs to me.
                               At night when you're asleep
                               Into your tent I'll creep.

Suddenly, the world, or at least the USA, was going crazy over this song and the idea of Arab lovers in 1921. This coincided-actually followed   the 1920 meetings going on about the end of WWI and the decisions of what to do with the land in the Middle East that had belonged to the Ottoman Empire which was now the property of the Allies.  The League of Nations had just decided, through the Balfour Doctrine, that Palestine would be held for 30 years by Britain, who would help the Jews create the Jewish Homeland once again, for it had been their land way back in the days of the Old Testament of Kinga Saul, David, Solomon, etc, going back over 3,000 years ago. 

There was no knowledge at this time of any oil laying in Arabia.  All they had to offer the world was a lot of sand.   
                                                  

Coincidently, King Tut of Egypt's tomb was then discovered on November 4, 1922.  Everything Egyptian was suddenly most popular.  People were emulating everything Egyptian, clothing styles, jewelry, etc. It just happened to be a Brit who made the discovery.  "British archaeologist Howard Carter and his workmen discover a step leading to the tomb of King Tutankhamen in the Valley of the Kings in Egypt on November 4, 1922." 

King Ibn Saud as the West knew him, better known to Saudis as Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud, was born on 15 January 1875 and died on  – 9 November 1953), and was an Arab tribal, political, and religious leader who founded Saudi Arabia, the third Saudi state. He reigned as the first king of Saudi Arabia from 23 September 1932 to his death in 1953. He had ruled parts of the kingdom since 1902, having previously been EmirSultan, and King of Nejd, and King of Hejaz.

Ibn Saud was the son of Abdul Rahman bin Faisal, Emir of Nejd, and Sara bint Ahmed Al Sudairi. The family were exiled from their residence in the city of Riyadh in 1890

Ibn Saud reconquered Riyadh in 1902, starting three decades of conquests that made him the ruler of nearly all of central and north Arabia. He consolidated his control over the Nejd in 1922,signing a new treaty with Great Britain,  then conquered the Hejaz in 1925. He extended his dominions into what later became the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932.

 As King, he presided over the discovery of petroleum in Saudi Arabia in 1938 and the beginning of large-scale oil production after World War II.          

                                         Abdullah II

 He fathered many children, including 45 sons, and all of the subsequent kings of Saudi Arabia. Out of this line, we meet Abdullah, who had no land, met Churchill and secured 79% of the already deemed land to be the Jewish Homeland, Judea and Samaria.  He was the ancestor of the present king of Jordan, Abdullah II.  It is said that their line goes back to Mohammad.  They are the Hashemites.  " He is a member of the Hashemite dynasty, the royal family of Jordan since 1921, and is considered a 41st-generation direct descendant of Prophet Muhammad."                       


Transjordan, Judea and Samaria originally belonging to the Jews, which became a (region), an area to the east of the Jordan River. Oultrejordain, a Crusader lordship (1118–1187), also called Transjordan. Emirate of Transjordan, British protectorate (1921–1946) Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan, a former name (1946–1949) for the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.    Here's what happened to the Jewish Homeland.  Notice that the piece left for the Jews, the purple area, has been given to the Palestinian Arabs now, called the West Bank, which is really the western part of Judea and Samaria with the Jordan River as the divider. 

Land of Israel (1040-920 BCE) Saul to Solomon's death
                             

interestingly, Jews did live in Arabia, with a great many by the 6th and 7th centuries.  In fact, they were converting to Judaism.  Mohammad (570-632) came across many Jews and incorporated some Judaism into Islam.  It is said that Mohammad even had a Jewish wife.  Rayhāna bint Zayd (Arabic: ريحانة بنت زيد) was a Jewish woman from the Banu Nadir tribe, who is considered by some Muslims as being one of Muhammad's wives. Certainly people know of stories in the Koran about the Jews that were not flattering, as they were told of finding Jews behind rocks and killing them. So by 1920, the land was pretty much devoid of any Jews.  

In truth, being Abdullah I came to his new land of Transjordan with a very small population from Arabia to rule someone, has really become a Palestinian refuge of Arabs; thus here is your Palestine.  Abdullah II has even married a Palestinian woman. The State is made up mostly of Palestinians.   

Resource:

https://houseofsaud.com/profiles/king-saud-bin-abdulaziz-al-saud/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Saud

https://www.onthisday.com/people/ibn-saud

https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/entrance-to-king-tuts-tomb-discovered


Friday, April 29, 2022

Paradox of Leftist Societies Being Most Anti Semitic

 Nadene Goldfoot                                              

Bernie Sanders speaks at a New York campaign fundraiser, September 18, 2015 (Michael Vadon / Flickr)  I found Bemie Sanders to be most disappointing in that he is Jewish but against Israel even though he had once moved on a Kibbutz there.  Even though he didn't manage loving to milk cows, he need not take his early experience out on the country.  

A most disappointing fact is that some American Democrats are following the Leftists of the world in being the most anti-Semitic people compared to other political groups.  It's here in USA that Democrats are on the Left and Republicans are on the Right.  Left-wing politics support social equality and egalitarianism (the doctrine that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities,), often in opposition of social hierarchy. As has happened, Leftists feel this way about all except us Jews.                                      

Walking on Manhattan’s Upper West Side one chilly day in the 1980s—it was not long after a suggestion came from within the Reagan administration that ketchup replace vegetables in school lunches to save money—Irving Howe (1920-1993) made a remark to his friend that captured a great deal about his own political journey: “I know how to debate with these guys about politics and economics, but how do you argue with social meanness?”  I ask that question, too, seeing that anti-Semitism could be called social meanness- better yet, social evilness.  Irving Howe was a Socialist.  

The truth is that the Left has opposed Jews both for their religion and for their nationality.  Jews have fused their religion and nationality which is an anathema to both the secularism and universalism of the Left. The people, Leftists, have the reputation of being so hospitable and supportive of the national liberation movements of all other people, but has been so antagonistic to the nationalism of the Jews.  An example is from the Social Democrat, Irving Howe, who wrote, "In the warmest of hearts, there is a cold spot for the Jews." 

As we examine Marx and the French Socialists to the Soviets, the 3rd World, and Western Leftists today, we see that their intense Jew-hatred has prevailed among their society.  Our American Democrats have been inching closer and closer to European Socialism of late, wanting more of it as they enjoy its benefits of being so cared for by the whole society.  What the connection is between a socialistic society and anti-Semitism behooves me.  I ask, just what is this connection?                             

Daniel Patrick Moynihan (March 16, 1927 – March 26, 2003) was an American politician, diplomat, and sociologist, who belonged to the Democratic Party.  He served as an adviser to Republican President Richard Nixon, nevertheless.  He accepted Republican President Gerald Ford's appointment to the position of United States Ambassador to the United Nations in 1975, holding that position until early 1976; later that year he won election to the Senate.

Former Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan, now deceased, once said, "Antisemitism has become a unifying global ideology of the totalitarian Left." Below is the historic November 10, 1975 speech delivered by Daniel Patrick Moynihan right after the U.N. declared that “Zionism is racism.” The resolution was repealed in 1991, but its spirit tragically lives on in the form of the U.N.’s enduring obsession with condemning Israel.".........There will be time enough to contemplate the harm this act will have done the United Nations. Historians will do that for us, and it is sufficient for the moment only to note the foreboding fact. A great evil has been loosed upon the world. The abomination of anti-semitism — as this year’s Nobel Peace Laureate Andrei Sakharov observed in Moscow just a few days ago — the Abomination of anti-semitism has been given the appearance of international sanction. The General Assembly today grants symbolic amnesty — and more — to the murderers of the six million European Jews. Evil enough in itself, but more ominous by far is the realization that now presses upon us — the realization that if there were no General Assembly, this could never have happened."

Many on the nontotalitarian Left have been compromised by their "no enemies on the Left" attitude.  Thus , a movement founded, established, and supported in large part by Jews has come to constitute, along with the Arab/Muslim world, the Jews' greatest enemy at this time.  My thoughts go to the movie, Fiddler on the Roof, when the Jewish girl and gentile Russian fellow go away and he is joining the Communist Party, who promises a much better life. 

Karl Heinrich Marx (1818-1883)German social philosopher.  Karl couldn't get a teaching job because of his radical views, so turned to journalism.  He moved to Paris but was expelled from there because he was attacking the Prussian government.  Freedom of speech had not yet arrived.  He then went to Brussels and renounced his citizenship there which resulted his becoming stateless. His philosophy became a struggle between the oppressing and the oppressed.  Toward Jews he still felt antipathy and contempt.  From 1848 on, Marx saw Jews as a financial reactionary group.  I think he was jealous of their successes.   
                                  city of Trier, Germany

Karl Marx is a famous Communist with a profound and powerful mind that went astray, in my opinion.  The disappointment to us is that such a man started life as a descendant of a long line of distinguished rabbis.  He was born in the German city of Trier in 1818 but was baptized as a Lutheran at age 6.  His father converted to Christianity before he was born so as to continue practicing law.  Being a Jewish lawyer was pronounced to be against Prussian laws, and his part of the world was suddenly part of Prussia according to the latest winning war.  A Jewish lawyer would find it hard to make a living any other way, but didn't have to convert like the Spanish Jewry of 1492.  He did it to make life easier, and had no strong feelings for his own religion.  I'd say that his family lacked that kind of education.   

Karl Marx wrote the essay,  On the Jewish Question.  It was a response to Bruno Bauer, a philosopher's article, "The Jewish Question, where Bauer attacked Jews and Judaism, arguing against emancipation for Jews until they leave Judaism, their own morality and even their customs.  (This so infuriates me, knowing that Judaism is basically a religion made up of the morality, on how one treats others as they want to be treated--the Golden Rule and this basic morality is what Bruno hates.) 

Surprise!  Marx didn't go along with his conclusions, but managed to outdo Bauer in antisemitic bitter and abusive language.  He thought all Jews should be attacked, not just religious ones.  This, coming from a Jew!  Yes, I know, he was converted when a small child, but to us Jews, he was still a Jew.  His father went along with it all, evidently, to have him develop in this way.  He must not have cared what he was, and that is the real shame.    

French socialists were even more anti-Jewish than Marx.  There were George Lichtheim, one of French socialists hostile to Jews, and Charles Fourier, founder of French socialism who said that Jews were Parasites, merchants, usurers," whose emancipation he termed "the most shameful of all recent vices of society." Before these men were born, their land was boiling over with hatred for Jews, mainly due to their prevailing religious liturgy that hit them in the face every Sunday.  People were immersed in anti-Semitism. Hated of one group kept them from dwelling on other problems in their society.                  

Pierre Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865)  of early socialism, expressed his antisemitism in a "moderate" manner.  Proudhon received no formal education as a child, but he was taught to read by his mother, who had him spelling words by age three. However, the only books that Proudhon was exposed to until he was 10 were the Gospels and the Four Aymon Brothers and some local almanacs. 

His theories were found to be in more extreme forms in his journals which were published after his death.  It  held his Nazi-life sentiments regarding the Jews.  He had a program for the disappearance of Jews in December 1847.  He said of Jews, "this race poisons everything by meddling everywhere without ever joining itself to another people.  Demand their expulsion from France, with the exception of people married to Frenchwomen.  Abolish the synagogues:  don't admit them to any kind of employment, pursue finally the abolition of this cult...the Jew is the enemy of the human race.  One must send this race back to Asia or exterminate it...by fire or fusion or by expulsion, the Jew must disappear...What the peoples of the Middle Ages hated by instinct I hate upon reflection, and irrevocably."  His French admirers justified the Russian pogroms going on.  One can wonder if Hitler hadn't received some of these writings.  

All this leads to the position that Alfred Dreyfus found himself in who was a Jewish army officer that was falsely accused by the French government of being a spy for Germany.  the French Socialist press on January 28, 1898, published a "non-participation in the Dreyfus Affair because Jews would use the rehabilitation of a single Jew to wash out "all the sins of Israel." 

The sad affair is that a Jewish researcher, French socialist Saint-Simon, could not find a single word on behalf of Jews in the whole of French socialist literature from 1820 to 1920. It seems that a people who develops a reputation so admirable, such as the French with their dealings with the new Americans that was so appreciated, never see Jews as they see others. We might as well have emigrated from a distant planet.                   

Russian Cossacks who attacked shtetls of Ukraine, Poland and Lithuanian Jews and harmed the people and their dwellings.  My Bobba's legs were broken.  This was a feature shown in the movie and stage play, "Fiddler on the Roof."  It's why Jews made the bigger effort of entering Palestine when it belonged to the Ottoman Empire from 1881 onwards, better than staying in Russia.  
                          Russian Revolution

The Soviets take the cake in treating us Jews badly.  There are so many cases, I know not where to begin.  The Soviet Union in 1917 was terribly hostile toward the Jewish religion and national needs.  In 1919, Zionism was named as a counterrevolutionary movement and prohibited.  The Soviet Union had a campaign  to destroy the Jewish religion that was quite successful.  Between 1956 and 1965, the number of synagogues in the USSR decreased to a low 450 to only 60 remaining.                       

      By 1981 I had just moved to Tzfat (Safed) in our apartment on the ground floor.  We found our window to be barred for protection from invading terrorists.  I'm here waiting for my lift from the States.

 By 1980, when I made aliyah to Haifa, Israel, there were fewer than 5 rabbis for the more than 2 million Soviet Jews.  In Israel, I found myself in a class with 40 Russian Jewish teachers and we were all learning Hebrew from our teacher, Sarah.  What had happened was that in 1980, some Russian Jews had been allowed to leave Russia.  Our teacher was a pen pal of a Russian Jew in prison for learning Hebrew !  Much later he got out and became well known in the Knesset.                                  

1941 Hitler with the Grand Mufti, Husseini,  AKA Sherif of Jerusalem who came to talk about how to get rid of the Jews.  

The National Socialist German Workers' Party, otherwise known as the Nazis, is a case that stands by itself in the realm of Socialism promoting anti-Semitism.  

Nazis were racists, singling out the Jews as the cause of all their problems, the scapegoat of the world.  Nazis told their Germans that non-Aryan races were inferior humans and that they were of the Aryans.  The dichotomy is that they didn't count the Arabs as non- Aryans when their earlier Crusaders couldn't tell them apart. 

Then again, Nazis labeled all Jews as one race, and we know that others have converted at different periods into the original family group.  Moses freed all the slaves;  the descendants of Jacob and the Others.  It was a mixed group after their arrival after 400 years.  King David's grandmother, Ruth the Moabite, was a convert. Many Romans had become Jews, preferring their family values compared to the Roman ways.  Jews have had to live in all 4 corners of the earth, yet have kept their religion on task, all reading the same pages of the Torah on the same Shabbat. Jews have become an endogamous society, however, and never know if they are marrying a 5th to distant cousin or not.  It's possible.  They only make up 0.02% of the world population.         

Hitler was the cause of anti-Semitism.  One rumor was that he had had a Jewish girlfriend who disappointed him. Hitler and his gang of thugs realized that Jews were not easily baptized.  "Once a Jew-always a Jew," they would say.  He wrote the book, Mein Kampf, where he says that "the Jew can speak a thousand languages and nevertheless remains a Jew.  His traits of character have remained the same...It is always the same Jew."  According to Hitler, the Jews seek to dominate the non-Jewish world through various instruments:  Christianity, Marxism socialism, Capitalism, democracy.  all are products of Jews and their values, no matter what their non-Jewish guises are. We lost 6 million Jews in the Holocaust.  This was more than anti-Semitism, something taken to the nth degree; it was wholesale slaughter.    

Germany in the 20s was doing well, but went through a rough recession in the 30s when people were out of work.  They blamed the Jews, as they always did in the past.  It was in 1096 when Germans in their Crusade massacred Jews in European towns while passing through on their way to Jerusalem. European civilization's main aspects were preaching hatred of Jews and denying equal rights to them.  In 1933, they made racialist anti-Semitism their official creed and started a deliberate persecution of the German Jews.  What most remember is WWII between 1939-1945 that Nazi anti-Semitism developed into a plan of genocide against the Jewish people in Europe, a plan called the "Final Solution."

      A pit of Jewish bodies that had been gassed to death

Out of the 16 million Jews who lived throughout the world at that time, nearly 6 million were murdered in the Holocaust in Europe.  They were assisted in some European countries by local elements who helped to round up the Jews destined for the death camps.  Britain and the USA might have helped to organize the escape of Jews from Europe but deliberately avoided doing anything until almost the end of the war.  It was much like the position Ukraine finds themselves in but much worse.  

In searching for the answer, I see that Christianity is divided about the Jewish question. Some, like the Evangelicals, are most supportive of Jews and of Israel, while other mainstream Christians are totally against them, so anti-Semitism can have a religious origin.  

Why such hatred?  One thing I noticed was that during hard times, the Jews persisted in their businesses, keeping them open, lowering their prices, staying open longer than others.  They made it, causing a lot of jealousy.  Others didn't have what it took to keep afloat.  The Jews, by remaining open, could keep their help working, so it was good for everyone, except those who snarled at a Jew's success.  


Resource:

Facts About Israel by Ministry for foreign affairs, Jerusalem

Why the Jews? by Dennis Prager & Joseph Telushkin, chapter11, Leftist Antisemitism, p. 123-136.

https://unwatch.org/moynihans-moment-the-historic-1975-u-n-speech-in-response-to-zionism-is-racism/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre-Joseph_Proudhon

https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/irving-howe-a-socialist-life

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_Howe

https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/why-leftists-should-be-democrats