Nadene Goldfoot
ISRAEL'S KING HOSHEA
The kingdom of Israel was attacked in 721 BCE by the Assyrians and almost 3,000 of the best of the people were captured and taken away by them as prisoners. King Hoshea was the king of Israel at that time. He had been ruling since 730 BCE, and his 9 year reign would end with this conquest in 721 BCE. He had become king with Assyria's help said Assyrian sources. His kingdom at the time was confined to Mt. Ephraim. Then he rebelled against Assyria and was put in prison by the King of Assyria, Shalmaneser (a dynasty that ruled from 860-825 BCE; till 721 BCE) , when he besieged and captured Israel; which was then called Samaria.
He had been overly ambitious in his desire to become king and so he had knocked off the king preceding him, Pekahiah, who ruled from only 736 to 735 BCE. Pekah may have even been of Gileadite origin. He was described as an evil king, as he continued the worship of false idols that had been started by Jeroboam 1.
Pekah had murdered Pekahiah after a conspiracy and had seized his throne.
Then he had allied himself with Rezin of Aram-Dammesek (Syria). They attacked Judah, but their initial success led Ahaz of Judah to appeal for help to Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria who ruled from 745 to 726 BCE. This is all related in II Kings 17: 1-6 of the Tanakh (Old Testament). Tiglath-Pileser reformed Assyrian administration and introduced the policy of exiling hostile people of conquered countries.
In 743 BCE he invaded northern Syria and levied tribute on King Menahem of Israel who had just started his reign which would end in 736 BCE. Menahem or Menachem was a king of the northern Israelite Kingdom of Israel. He was the son of Gadi, and the founder of the dynasty known as the House of Gadi or House of Menahem
Tiglath-Pileser decided that to help, he would invade the allied kingdom, abolish Aram-Dammesek as a state, and stripped Israel of the Galilee and Gilead. King Hoshea was later put in prison by Shalmaneser of Assyria who ruled from 860 to 825 BCE. Shalmaneser died during the siege of Samaria.
JUDAH'S KING HEZEKIAH
Ruled Judah from 720 BCE to 692 BCE
Son of King Ahaz, aimed at breaking the country's dependence on Assyria. To do this he freed religious worship from Assyrian influence, purged the palace and Temple of images and pagan altars, and renewed the pure monotheistic religion. Isaiah, the Prophet supported him as did other prophets. He allied himself with neighboring rulers, fortified Jerusalem, and constructed the Siloam Tunnel to improve its water-supply. In 712 BCE he joined the neighboring states in their uprising against Assyria. Sargon II captured Philistine cities,didn't enter Judah, Edom or Moab.
The Kingdom of Judah, the southern part of Israel before King Solomon had died in 920 BCE, was being ruled by King Ahaz in 721 BCE. His reign would end the next year when Hezekiah would take over and rule until 692 BCE.
Ahaz had been the son of King Jotham, who had been the previous king, ruling from 735 to 720 BCE. Jotham's father, Uzziah, had fallen sick with leprosy. He fought and defeated the Ammonites and resisted the pressure of the king of Aram to join an anti-Assyrian alliance.
His kingdom was attacked by Israel and Syria, while at the same time the Edomites and Philistines attacked his southern territory. Ahaz went against the advice of the prophet Isaiah and asked for help from Tiglath-Pileser of Assyria who had then invaded Syria and Israel in 733 BCE. Judah, because of asking Assyria for help, became an Assyrian vassal and was also subjected by Assyria to Assyrian idolatry. When a country took over another, they forced their religion on the people.
References:
Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekah
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoshea
The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia
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| The Enemy: first Assyria, later Babylonia who inherited Assyria's land |
son of Elah (not the king Elah b:888BCE-someone named for him)
The kingdom of Israel was attacked in 721 BCE by the Assyrians and almost 3,000 of the best of the people were captured and taken away by them as prisoners. King Hoshea was the king of Israel at that time. He had been ruling since 730 BCE, and his 9 year reign would end with this conquest in 721 BCE. He had become king with Assyria's help said Assyrian sources. His kingdom at the time was confined to Mt. Ephraim. Then he rebelled against Assyria and was put in prison by the King of Assyria, Shalmaneser (a dynasty that ruled from 860-825 BCE; till 721 BCE) , when he besieged and captured Israel; which was then called Samaria.
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| Assyrians leading away the Israelites |
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| King Pekah was king of Israel from 735 to 730 BCE. He was a captain in the army of king Pekahiah from 736-735 BCE of Israel, whom he killed to become king. Pekah was the son of Remaliah, a captain in the army. |
He had been overly ambitious in his desire to become king and so he had knocked off the king preceding him, Pekahiah, who ruled from only 736 to 735 BCE. Pekah may have even been of Gileadite origin. He was described as an evil king, as he continued the worship of false idols that had been started by Jeroboam 1.
 |
| Pekahiah was a king of Israel and the son of King Menahem743-736 BCE, whom he succeeded, and the second and last king of Israel from the House of Gadi. He ruled from the capital of Samaria. |
Pekah had murdered Pekahiah after a conspiracy and had seized his throne.
Then he had allied himself with Rezin of Aram-Dammesek (Syria). They attacked Judah, but their initial success led Ahaz of Judah to appeal for help to Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria who ruled from 745 to 726 BCE. This is all related in II Kings 17: 1-6 of the Tanakh (Old Testament). Tiglath-Pileser reformed Assyrian administration and introduced the policy of exiling hostile people of conquered countries.
In 743 BCE he invaded northern Syria and levied tribute on King Menahem of Israel who had just started his reign which would end in 736 BCE. Menahem or Menachem was a king of the northern Israelite Kingdom of Israel. He was the son of Gadi, and the founder of the dynasty known as the House of Gadi or House of Menahem
The Cohens of the tribe of Levi served in the Temple,
but the rest were to live with different families in Israel, so that would mean there were Levites living in all the tribes at the time of the kingdom's division.
They were the teachers of the Israelites.
Tiglath-Pileser decided that to help, he would invade the allied kingdom, abolish Aram-Dammesek as a state, and stripped Israel of the Galilee and Gilead. King Hoshea was later put in prison by Shalmaneser of Assyria who ruled from 860 to 825 BCE. Shalmaneser died during the siege of Samaria.
JUDAH'S KING HEZEKIAH
Ruled Judah from 720 BCE to 692 BCE
Son of King Ahaz, aimed at breaking the country's dependence on Assyria. To do this he freed religious worship from Assyrian influence, purged the palace and Temple of images and pagan altars, and renewed the pure monotheistic religion. Isaiah, the Prophet supported him as did other prophets. He allied himself with neighboring rulers, fortified Jerusalem, and constructed the Siloam Tunnel to improve its water-supply. In 712 BCE he joined the neighboring states in their uprising against Assyria. Sargon II captured Philistine cities,didn't enter Judah, Edom or Moab.
The Kingdom of Judah, the southern part of Israel before King Solomon had died in 920 BCE, was being ruled by King Ahaz in 721 BCE. His reign would end the next year when Hezekiah would take over and rule until 692 BCE.
 |
| Ahaz was 20 when he became king of Judah (735-720 BCE) and reigned for 16 years. Ahaz is portrayed as an evil king in the Second Book of Kings (2 Kings 16:2). Edwin R. Thiele concluded that Ahaz was co-regent with Jotham from 736/735 BC, and that his sole reign began in 732/731 and ended in 716/715 BC. |
His kingdom was attacked by Israel and Syria, while at the same time the Edomites and Philistines attacked his southern territory. Ahaz went against the advice of the prophet Isaiah and asked for help from Tiglath-Pileser of Assyria who had then invaded Syria and Israel in 733 BCE. Judah, because of asking Assyria for help, became an Assyrian vassal and was also subjected by Assyria to Assyrian idolatry. When a country took over another, they forced their religion on the people.
References:
Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekah
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoshea
The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia
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