Jacob's Family of 70 Listed Who Moved To Egypt Showing A Few Different Lines of DNA

 Nadene Goldfoot                                      

                             Jacob and Rachel finally marrying:  Tricked by his father-in-law into marrying his true love's sister, Jacob waited 14 years before he could be with Rachel. The annual wage for a shepherd in the Bronze Age was about 10 shekels; hence, seven years of labor was a stiff demand. But Jacob, a fugitive from Esau, was in no position to bargain.  The boss was even his uncle Laban !  He had to work 7 years for him before marrying-and then he thought the bride was Rachel but got Leah instead.  Laban was Rebecca's brother and Leah and Rachel's father.  Laban is mentioned as Laban the Aramean, a slur insinuating that Arameans were deceivers and it happens that Abraham's family had Arameans as relatives being the 2 female patriarchs were Arameans!  It's figured that their handmaidens were Egyptian women.    

Family portrait with Jacob and Rachel in the middle holding Joseph.  Rachel's 2nd son was Benjamin and she then died in childbirth or shortly right after.  Jacob is found on the Bible Timeline from 1836 BC to 1689 BC. He was the second of the twin sons born to Rebekah and Isaac. (Abraham was born in 2nd millennium BCE, about 1948 BCE.) 

Then Jacob left Beersheba, and Israel's sons took their father Jacob and their children and their wives in the carts that Pharaoh had sent to transport him.

In the second year of a great famine, when Israel (Jacob) was about 130 years old, he told his 10 sons of Leah, Bilhah and Zilpah, to go to Egypt and buy grain. Israel's youngest son Benjamin, born from Rachel, stayed behind by his father's order to keep him safe.

They also took with them their livestock and the possessions they had acquired in Canaan, and Jacob and all his offspring went to Egypt.

He took with him to Egypt his sons and grandsons and his daughters and granddaughters--all his offspring.

Now Jacob sent Judah ahead of him to Joseph to get directions to Goshen, Egypt. When they arrived in the region of Goshen,

Joseph had his chariot made ready and went to Goshen to meet his father Jacob-now called Israel. As soon as Joseph appeared before him, he threw his arms around his father  and wept for a long time.

Jacob's wife, Leah had 6 sons and 1 daughter. Dinah, who is included in this story since she had affected the lives of all the others greatly.   

1. REUBEN and his sons; 2. Hanoch, 3. Pallu, 4. Hezron, 5. Carmi.

6. SIMEON and his sons;7. Jemuel, 8. Jamin, 9. Ohad, 10. Jachin, 11. Zohar, 12. Shaul.

13. LEVI and his sons; 14. Gershon, 15. Kohath, 16. Merari: 

          and his daughter, 70. Jochabed-She was born at the entrance to Egypt as the 70th descendant , married Amram, mother of Moses, Aaron and Miriam. 

17. JUDAH-the only one whose history has continued to the present day-to tell about his family:  (wife Shua not listed-), and his sons;  . Er-Judah got a wife for Er his first-born; her name was (Tamar who is not listed) . But Er, Judah’s first-born, was displeasing to the Lord, and the Lord took his life. Onan was his 2nd son.

, , Onan-And Judah said to Onan, "Go in to your brother's wife and marry her, and raise up an heir to your brother." But Onan knew that the heir would not be his; and it came to pass, when he went in to his brother's wife, that he emitted on the ground, lest he should give an heir to his brother. And the thing which he did displeased the LORD; therefore He killed him also., 18.Shelah, 19. Perez. 20. Zerah  

       Perez had 2 sons;  21. Hezron-A grandson of Judah (son of Jacob) and the grandfather of Amminadab and great-grandfather to Nahshon. Nahshon was Elisheba's brother and brother-in-law of Aaron. , 22 Hamul-Spared, one of the sons of Pharez, son of Judah (1 Chronicles 2:5). His descendants are called Hamulites (Numbers 26:21)..  

23. ISSACHAR and his sons;  24. Tola, 25. Puvah, 26. Iov, 27 Shimron

28. ZEBULUN and his sons;  29. Sered, 30. Elon, 31. Jahleel

32. DINAH, the only girl

Zilpah, Leah's handmaiden had 2 sons

33. GAD and his sons; 34. Ziphion, 35. Haggi, 36. Shuni, 37. Ezbon, 38. Eri, 39. Arodi, 40. Areli. 

41. ASHER and his sons;  42. Imnah, 43. Ishvah, 44. Ishvi, 45. Beriah, 46. Serah, 

      Beriah had 2 sons;  47. Heber, 48. Malchiel

Rachel,  2nd wife had 2 sons, dying in childbirth with 2nd.  

49. JOSEPH and his sons; 50. Manasseh, 51. Ephraim =In Egypt, Manasseh and Ephraim were born to Joseph by Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest of On.  

I find that Joseph and his 2 sons are included on the count of the 70 who descended to Egypt in my Tanakh, but they must have already been there waiting for them.  Asenath, his wife, would also be waiting with their sons.  His 2 sons are included and used their land inheritance that had been Joseph's share for each of their own tribes.  

52. BENJAMIN and his sons;  53, Bela, 54. Becher, 55. Ashbel, 56. Gera, 57. Naaman, 58. Ehi, 59, Rosh, 60. Muppim, 61. Huppim, 62. Ard.

Bilhah, Rachel's Handmaiden had 2 sons 

63. DAN and his son;  64. Hushim

65. NAPHTALI  and his sons; 66. Jahzeel, 67. Guni, 68. Yezer, 69. Shillem

The Torah only lists these 69 persons, mostly all males except for Dinah.  Rashi and the Midrash include Jochabed as the 70th.  Others include Jacob.                           

      The Sphinx is much older than the pyramids.  

There wasn't any road, highway or freeway with signs in either days, just land and growth. Moses moved his people in about 1500 BCE, and we realize that Jacob-Israel and his family lived much earlier, I'll guess at 1700 BCE.  Traditionally, this information was given to Moses at Sinai together with a detailed oral exposition of the Torah and its commandments.  

In thinking about Moses leading over 600,000, one thinks of the Roman legion  and how they moved along, the largest military unit of the Roman army, comprised 5,200 infantry and 300 equites (cavalry) in the period of the Roman Republic (509 BC–27 BC) and 5,600 infantry and 200 auxilia in the period of the Roman Empire (27 BC – AD 476). The Roman army was divided into legions, each comprising about 4,800 infantry and 120 cavalry. A legion was subdivided into 10 cohorts, comprising 480 men apiece, and each cohort was subdivided into six centuries comprising 80 men apiece—not 100 as the name suggests.  Our Jacob-Israel traveled with 70 men, let's say which is about like a Roman century.                           

We can't forget this way that it was Jacob who struggled with a heavenly emissary while returning home with his property (I take it his herds)  accumulated during his absence of 20 years and overcame him, thus having his name changed to Israel.  So Jacob had left but Israel had returned-a new man;  a changed man. Yet most of the writing refers to him as Jacob, still.  All this is listed in the 5 books of Moses that make up the first part of the Bible.   

         Dinah who was raped by Shechem, avenged by her brothers,     Simeon the oldest and  Levi thought to be the beginning of the conquest of Canaan by Israelite tribes; hence her importance in history.    

My comment is that there had to have been many daughters who were born to all these men that were also migrating with them but are not mentioned.   Adding them could make the group about 150.  Each of them listed with children had to have a wife with them as well.  It's also possible that some of these names are feminine names.  Otherwise, Dinah and Jochabed, important females, are the only ones mentioned and counted.  Is moving females any different than moving along males?  I would think so.  There must have been pregnancies they had to stop for. 

What this is showing us today scientifically  is how the Y haplogroup of J1 (Cohen) has been carried out through Mesopotamia and beyond from the single source of Jacob-Israel. It evidently muted at different times. It's awesome that a man also carried within his cells the Mt. haplogroup of his mother but in a different part of the cell, so that her DNA that he also has inherited, is not lost knowledge.  Scientists can tell him about both his parents' DNA.  So each man on this trip was there with his mother's DNA as well, carrying it along with him.

                    Another Chief Joseph of Nez Perce Tribe; Interesting fact is that a small group of Jewish men carry the Y haplogroup of a Q line that connected to Native Americans of North and South America 17,200 to 31,700  years ago in Central Asia and Siberia. My father is one of them.  LDS belief about these people is quite close to the DNA facts. "The early Saints believed that all American Indians were the descendants of Book of Mormon peoples, and that they shared a covenant heritage connecting them to ancient Israel".   

In those days, each man was the head of his own tribe, and his name would be used for that tribe.  Tribes eventually melded with others into clans and etc.  growing into towns. An example is Haran, brother of Abraham though Haran is said to have lived and died in Ur of the Chaldees, his son, Lot traveled with Terah, the father and Abram and it was Terah who named the town after his son. I have a feeling that Haran was too ill to travel;  otherwise he would have gone with them.    

Why is all this important to us?  According to this genealogy, all the men should be bearing the same Y haplogroup (male line) as Abraham (Abraham-Isaac-Jacob family tree).  This would allow a little mutation here and there throughout the past 4,000 years, yet I see quite a few of our males carrying E, R, Q haplogroups instead along with many J1s which are now considered as the Cohen gene, and J2s.  The Cohens and the Levites are all part of the tribe of Levi with Cohens being direct descendants of Aaron, the first high priest or Cohen selected by Moses, his brother.  Moses' 2 sons died in their teens so only Aaron was able to leave descendants.  

Haplogroups consist of people who descend from a common ancestor, although a basic haplogroup prediction from a Y-STR test is broad, consisting of men who descend from a common ancestor many thousands of years in the past. One’s basic haplogroup prediction provides deep origins information, and the continent of origin for distant ancestors. 

The different Y haplogroups among men cause one to think that the reason was the female taking a different partner from a different Y haplogroup-infidelity.  Sometimes it's because the line ran out of males and have to take a different line.  One doesn't always produce sons.  Usually that causes the end of the line.  Netflicks "Barbarians" about Germanic tribes" had an example.  A gal married a man but unknown to him-maybe even to her as well, was that she was already pregnant with someone else's child.  That was interesting.  I see that happening today and there's even a TV series about presenting the situation and getting a DNA test for proof of who the father is. Luckily for many, this DNA testing is very new.   

We who have taken the DNA testing want to know who our ancestors were and what happened to them.  The more we learn, the more we dig to find out more.  After all, we're carrying genes from our ancestors and inherit more than just intelligence and talent and coloring.  Genes may even reflect our moods, our thinking, as they do our illnesses, diseases and length of life possibilities.  Though environment is the artist with all these pots to select from and can totally cause one to lose the qualities they have inherited, genes can also override environmental affects;  like my father who overcame so much being dirt-poor to climb the ladder from being a butcher to owning his own wholesale meat produce company without anyone's help but his own initiative, and I have half my genes from his large pot of genes that the process gave to me. 

Interestingly, my brother received his half from our father, too, and some are the very same as mine and some are different ones.  That's how you can tell we're similar somehow, and different-a lot but closer genetically from any other people except our own children.  I've seen some families where all the members look so much alike, but not my sibling and myself.  Being different sexes also keeps us looking quite different from each other, and in some cases, affects the genes we inherit.  Our parents are very different from different locals, so that explains the diversity.      

Resource:

Painting of Jacob and Rachel by William Dyce

Tanakh, Stone Edition

The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hezron

https://hermeneutics.stackexchange.com/questions/1243/what-made-er-evil-in-the-sight-of-the-lord

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jochebed#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20Bible%2C%20Jochebed,as%20well%20as%20his%20aunt.

https://www.cgg.org/index.cfm/library/bqa/id/64/why-did-god-slay-onan-genesis-383-10.htmhttp://web.mit.edu/jywang/www/cef/Bible/NIV/NIV_Bible/GEN+46.html#:~:text=With%20the%20two%20sons%20who,Egypt%2C%20were%20seventy%20in%20all.

https://www.goarmy.com/content/dam/goarmy/downloaded_assets/pdfs/advocates-army-rank.pdf

https://armstronginstitute.org/835-the-hyksos-evidence-of-jacobs-family-in-ancient-egypt

https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/history/topics/american-indians?lang=eng