Jews of Argentina Facing Level of Brutal Home Invasion Anti-Semitic Attack

Nadene Goldfoot                                                 

This is the Ashkenazi rabbi of Argentina
which means his roots were from Germany and central and eastern Europe.
His language would be Yiddish, a mixture of German and Hebrew.  Of course
he would also speak Spanish in Argentina.  

Today we see much anti-Semitism coming from Argentina against the Jews living there. I am writing this after reading about a home invasion of anti-Semites who beat up the owner, a rabbi which put him in the hospital with a very serious injury from a violent beating!   His wife was tied up during this attack which ended with robbing the couple as well.   Anti-Semitism, when it injures Jews, has gone way too far and it's time for a halt as it has been going on far too long.  Illogical hatred, picking on a people, bullying, only gets worse and worse like a plague. Every day one reads about it happening somewhere in the world, usually in Europe, and now in South America as well.

 It was the Jews who were tortured by Spain and Portugal that made it to Argentina in the 16th century called Marranos, the hidden Jews.  Today we call such people the Anusim.  They were from Jewish families living in Spain during the Spanish Inquisition who had refused to submit to forced Christian conversion, so had to leave the country or face death.  They went to Portugal only to face the same consequences about a year later.  Now, they had converted, but wanted to and continued to practice what Judaism they could, which meant their work times, holiday celebration and diet. These Jews were ultimately absorbed into the Christian population.
                                                                       

1889, 130  Jewish families arrived by ship SS Weser to Argentina from Russia

By the 19th century, the first groups of Jewish traders came from the countries of western and central Europe.  The first Jewish community in Argentina in Buenos Aires as founded in 1862.  The main group of Eastern European Jews began only in the 1880s at a time many also made aliyah to Palestine while  others opted for the USA.   This is because conditions were so bad in Eastern Europe with many pogroms going on against Jews, especially in Russia.

Below, how Jews had to defend themselves in the colonies.  You tube listed below about it.
                                                                       

Baron  Maurice de Hirsch (1831-1896)
German Jew, born in Munich, Germany, settled in Paris,railroad builder,
philanthropist Worked towards improving the economic situation of Eastern European Jewry, founded schools for them, opposed by Russian government so went elsewhere.  With L2 million capital, all from his own pocket, set up the Jewish Colonization Association  (ICA ) to establish Jewish agricultural colonies in Argentina and elsewhere.
 

In 1889, 136 families arrived from the Ukraine with the intention of setting on the land.  In 1891, Baron de Hirsch's plan for the mass settlement of Jews on the soil of Argentina was initiated.  In spite of the large amount of capital invested, the scheme was not successful.  We usually hear of this happening in Palestine, not in the diaspora.  It was Hirsch's hope to fight against anti-Semitism. 
                                                                       

Jews from Europe in Argentina 1901 

Groups of Jews immigrated to Argentina increased after World War I.  A large Spanish-speaking Sephardi immigration from Mediterranean lands was also stimulated by the similarity of language, naturally.  240,000 Jewish immigrants entered Argentina from 1881 to 1951.

"Argentina kept its doors open to Jewish immigration until 1938, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany began to take more actions against Jews, and tensions rose across Europe in preparation for war. The government imposed new regulations on immigration; it was severely curtailed at a time of increasing persecution of Jews and the outbreak of World War II, when Jews sought a safe haven from the Nazis."  I believe most Catholic countries asked for papers showing they 
were Catholic or they couldn't enter, like baptism papers.  


In 1940, there were 25 Jewish colonies in Argentina with 28,000 settlers, but during the economic boom of the 1940s,  many moved to the towns, and by 1990, few Jews were engaged in cultivating the land.  This is one of the first experiences for Jews, as usually in Europe they were not allowed to buy land at all, and thus become farmers.

Nazis moved to Argentina after WWII. " Even those accused of the most heinous crimes, such as Ante Pavelic (whose Croatian regime murdered hundreds of thousands of Serbs, Jews and Gypsies), Dr. Josef Mengele (whose cruel experiments are the stuff of nightmares) and Adolf Eichmann(Adolf Hitler's architect of the Holocaust) were welcomed with open arms. During World War Two, Argentina clearly favored the Axis because of close cultural ties with Germany, Spain, and Italy. This is not surprising, as most Argentines were of Spanish, Italian, or German descent.  It's no wonder then why they have been so active today against Jews.  

In 1990, the Jewish population was 228,000, mostly living in Buenos Aires, with 15,000 in Rosario and 10,000 in Cordova.  Argentina has the largest Sephardi segment in Latin America with about 35,000.

The Jews of Argentina have played an important pat in the development of industry and commerce.  They are probably still very active in this.
                                                                           
As for politics, the Jews here and their connections with other Jews are in the hands of a  delegation of Jewish organizations such as DAIA (Delegacion de Asociaciones Israelitas Argentinas) a representative body of Argentine Jews, formed in Buenos aires by 11 organizations back in 1934 as a committee to fight anti-Semitism.  It now deals with political matters of common Jewish interest and maintains ties with affiliated Jewish communities in other countries. Every section of Jewry is affiliated.

The central Ashkenazi body is AMIA.     The Vaad ha-Kehillot, the national organization of Jewish communities, coordinates the provincial communities.  
                                                                           

The recent anti-Semitic act " which shocks me to read about this morning, is that

Jewish groups condemn attack after Rabbi Gabriel Davidovich assaulted and wife restrained in Buenos Aires home; attackers shout ‘we know you are AMIA’s rabbi.’ "   To think that the populace of Buenos Aires goes after a rabbi is horrendous.  He is not teaching anything different from the Sephardic rabbi.  It's pure anti-Semitism, picking on the newest member with the smallest congregation  of the Jewish community in their eyes.  They're going after these Jews first, and next will be the DAIA group-the Sephardis.  

"On March 17, 1992 a suicide bomber drove a pickup truck loaded with explosives into the Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires, completely destroying it and other buildings nearby. Overall, 29 people were killed and hundreds were injured. Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility for the bombing and stated that it was in retaliation for the assassination of Hezbollah Secretary General, Sayed Abbas al-Musawi. When evidence emerged in 1998 suggesting that Iran orchestrated the attack, arrest warrants were issued for six Iranian diplomats, who promptly left Argentina."

"Then, two years later, in July 1994, a truck loaded with explosives drove into the seven-story AMIA building (Argentine Israelite Mutual Association), a focal point of the Jewish community in Buenos Aires. Eighty-five, mostly Jewish people, died and around 300 were injured"

There are 71 Jewish primary and secondary schools in Great Buenos Aires and 27 schools in the provinces.  Argentine Jewry maintains a number of Yiddish cultural institutions although the number of Yiddish speakers has declined in recent decades.  Various Jewish newspapers are published, the largest being La Luz, which appears every two weeks.  

There is considerable Zionist activity.  Emigration to Israel, the U.S. and other Latin American countries and assimilation have led to a drop in the Jewish population over the past 20 years.  

Resource:  https://www.timesofisrael.com/argentina-chief-rabbi-severely-beaten-in-anti-semitic-home-invasion/?fbclid=IwAR38Jpoj1b7TLAOJl5fZ9BvOoKjotavvB_9vGzm_4HFH7UQ9o-Qli5GJdd0
The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia
https://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/Antisemitism/Chief-Rabbi-of-Argentina-violently-beaten-in-his-home-581772
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Argentina
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1RmhiTFyqc  You tube about colonies-by American with roots
https://wander-argentina.com/jewish-argentina/
https://www.thoughtco.com/why-did-argentina-accept-nazi-criminals-2136579

Differences Between Running a Society: Communism and Socialism and Capitalism

Nadene Goldfoot
                                                                     

Chinese factory workers
Communism: theory of eliminating private property; 
goods are available to all as needed, a stateless society; Marxist -Leninism

"Communism and socialism are economic and political structures that promote equality and seek to eliminate social classes. The two are interchangeable in some ways, but different in others.
                                                               
Even Communist countries carry the word, socialism in their name.  It's hard to tell who's a Communist and who's a socialist today.  Here are comments I've found.  
                                                               

Putin of Russia meeting with workers of the Kalashnikov Concern. 

Communist countries are:  During the time of the Soviet Union (1922-1991),  in Eastern Europe, Asia, and Africa. Some of these nations, like the People's Republic of China, were (and still are) global players in their own right. Other communist countries, such as East Germany, were essentially satellites of the U.S.S.R. that played a significant role during the Cold War but no longer exist. Marxist-Lenin followers using Socialism in their name include Cuba, Vietnam,  and Laos.  

 The currency of Russia is the Russian ruble (RUB).  There are 146.8 million people in Russia.  It's the largest country in the world as it covers 1/8 of the earth's surface.                                             

China is a Communist country.  "The currency of China is the Chinese Yuan (CNY)  China has 1319.1 million people, the largest population in the world. India is 2nd largest.   In 2015, China's Middle Class became the largest in the world". Not surprising as they have the largest population in the world.  

The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (called Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic at the time), together with the Ukrainian, Byelorussian, and Transcaucasian Soviet Socialist Republics, formed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), or Soviet Union, on December 30, 1922. Out of the 15 republics that would make up the USSR, the largest in size and over half of the total USSR population was the Russian SFSR, which came to dominate the union for its entire 69-year history.

The Russian Federation is recognized in international law as a successor state of the former Soviet Union.   

In a communist society, the working class owns everything, and everyone works toward the same communal goal. There are no wealthy or poor people -- all are equal, and the community distributes what it produces based only on need.  The people as a collective own everything. 

 Nothing is obtained by working more than what is required.

 Communism frequently results in low production, mass poverty and limited advancement.

"Communism is both a political system and an economic one. Communist parties have absolute power over governance, and elections are single-party affairs. The party controls the economic system as well, and private ownership is illegal, although this facet of communist rule has changed in some countries like China.

 Poverty spread so widely in the Soviet Union in the 1980s that its citizens revolted. 


Socialism’s main focus is on equality, Like communism, Workers earn wages they can spend as they choose, while the government, not citizens, owns and operates the means for production.  The government owns the tools and buildings  for production.  There is no private property.  Everything controlled by the state.  Transitional between capitalism and communism.  Unequal distribution of goods and pay according to work done.  

 Workers receive what they need to produce and survive, but there’s no incentive to achieve more, leaving little motivation. Some countries have adopted aspects of socialism. 
                                                                 
Socialist countries we hear about a lot are from the Scandinavians like Sweden, Norway  and Denmark. Sanders, again running for President, is a Socialist and brags about their socialism.  "While it is true that the Scandinavian countries provide things like a generous social safety net and universal health care, an extensive welfare state is not the same thing as socialism.  They are denying that they are practicing Socialism.  Sorry, Bernie.  They are practicing compassionate capitalism. 

"The myth of Nordic socialism is partially created by a confusion between socialism, meaning government exerting control or ownership of businesses, and the welfare state in the form of government-provided social safety net programs. However, the left’s embrace of socialism is not merely a case of redefining a word. Simply look at the long-running affinity of leftists with socialist dictators in Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela for proof many on the left long for real socialism." 
                                                               

.What Sanders and his supporters confuse us, socialism is actually social democracy, a system in which the government aims to promote the public welfare through heavy taxation and spending, within the framework of a capitalist economy. This is what the Scandinavians practice.

The Democrat Socialists of America's platform is:  a profound commitment to democracy, as means and end. As we are unlikely to see an immediate end to capitalism tomorrow, DSA fights for reforms today that will weaken the power of corporations and increase the power of working people. For example, they support reforms that:

• decrease the influence of money in politics
• empower ordinary people in workplaces and the economy
• restructure gender and cultural relationships to be more equitable.
• They plan to restructure society.  They are working on students from high school and college.  They give no examples of doing anything.                                                                                               
  
• The United Kingdom provides basic needs like healthcare to everyone regardless of their time or effort at work. It seems like most of Europe and much of Africa are Socialists.  There's the old ones and the newer ones.  Not many are capitalists.   England has different parties.  Two are Socialists:  
• Socialist Alliance (England)
• Socialist People's Party (Furness) 
• They have the Socialist Labour Party:  A forerunner, the original Socialist Labour Party, was formed in 1903 by Scottish socialists who wanted a party allied to workers in struggle. In May 1996, at its first congress at Camden Town Hall in London, the SLP was re launched by leading trades unionists and campaign activists.
  The re-establishment of the party came a year after Tony Blair's 'New' Labour abandoned any commitment to progressive change for socialism in Britain. The principles of the SLP are summarised in clause four of it's constitution, to 'secure for the people a full return' for the wealth and services they generate.

                                                          
What is the Labor Party led by Jeremy Corbyn?   Labour Party (UK) The Labour Party is a centre-left political party in the United Kingdom which has been described as an alliance of social democrats, democratic socialists and trade unionists. ... Since leaving government, the party has been led by Ed Miliband from 2010 and Jeremy Corbyn from 2015.

 Under Corbyn's leadership the Labour Party has shifted ideologically to the left and away from the centre-ground of previous leaders, such as the former Prime Minister Tony Blair. In January 2016, Corbyn initially called for a maximum wage cap, saying that he wanted “some kind of high earnings cap”. He did not specify an exact figure, but said it would be "somewhat higher" than his £138,000 salary. Later on the same day, Corbyn pulled back from the idea of a legal cap, instead suggesting that any business which was awarded government contracts would only be able to pay their highest-paid staff twenty times as much as their lowest-paid staff. He also suggested corporation tax cuts for businesses which showed restraint on executive pay.  

Venezuela It has a  refugee problem as seen here at the border with Columbia.  

Venezuela has been a socialist country and went from a great and rich country to nothing.  It's an economic basket case today.  "IT'S NO SECRET THAT things are bad in Venezuela. Rolling blackouts are causing infant deaths in hospitals where backup generators have ceased to function; the country is on pace to hit 700 percent inflation; outside of active war zones, the murder rate in Caracas is the highest in the world."
                                                             

 But then the USA was made up of disgruntled people who wanted to get ahead but were being held back in their old country for one reason or another and were daring people to come to the USA in the first place-chancing the oceans to get here and try their luck.  The USA is made up of different people to start with; mutations themselves from the old country folks.  
                                                                           

In the U.S., welfare and the public education system are a form of socialism.  We're finding that the newer generations, many of who have graduated from college and have money to pay back, are all for socialism now and want to copy their European cousins.  They bad mouth our system of capitalism without realizing that it's brought us the gifts that they are enjoying right now.  However, it takes the desire and energy of our forefathers to keep it up, and they seem to lack the drive that they had.  They want everything now, quickly without waiting.  
                                                                  

Our country where we can be Jewish, where we have
socialism and capitalism, even communists in our government.
Pictured at THE WALL in Jerusalem, praying

Is Israel a Socialist country?  That depends on what exactly you mean by “Socialist”, and what you are comparing it to. As others have explained the political history, I'll focus on the present.

Compared to the USA, then yes, we are moderately Socialist. BUT for Americans this term is a “bogeyman” and very few have a real idea as to what this means.

Compared to Europe, we are LESS socialist than many countries,especially the Scandavian ones.

Israel created the kibbutz between 1918 and 1921.  They are collective villages with the main principles resembling those of the Kevutzah -cooperative agricultural group in Israel working a common farm on national land.  Production and purchase are collective, consumption being based on the  principal of satisfying needs within the ability of the economy.  The kevutzah bears responsibility for housing, health, and education.  It is the creation of large workers' groups doing contract work and the need to develop wide tracts of land engendered the broadening of the Kevutzah concept to incorporate industry, wage labor, and the removal of restrictions on the size of the group.  You are voted on to join them.  They have a communal dining room and take turns working in the kitchen.  They have a communal area to care for small children not yet in school, and have a school for kibbutz children. They vote on buying things for the kibbutz.  Each one has some sort of specialized work they do.  I vistied kibbutz Degania Aleph that started in 1910, the very 1st one.  Marvelous.  The distinction between a kevutzah and kibbutz has progressively decreased.  

 Both are the opposite of capitalism, where limitations don’t exist and reward comes to those who go beyond the minimum.

 In capitalist societies, owners are allowed to keep the excess production they earn. And competition occurs naturally, which fosters advancement. 

Capitalism tends to create a sharp divide between the wealthiest citizens and the poorest, however, with the wealthiest owning the majority of the nation's resources."
"Capitalism is an economic system where private entities own the factors of production. The four factors are entrepreneurship, capital goods, natural resources, and labor. The owners of capital goods, natural resources, and entrepreneurship exercise control through companies. The individual owns his or her labor. The only exception is slavery, where someone else owns a person's labor. Although illegal throughout the entire world, slavery is still widely practiced."  Wall Street is a good example of how capitalism works.  

Capitalism results in the best products for the best prices. That's because consumers will pay more for what they want the most. Businesses provide what customers want at the highest prices they’ll pay. Prices are kept low by competition among businesses. They make their products as efficient as possible to maximize profit.

                                                           

WinCo in Hillsboro, Oregon

We have an enterprising supermarket chain called WINCO's.  WinCo Foods is based in Boise, Idaho. It was founded in 1967, and the company is mostly owned by current and former employees through an employee stock ownership plan. WinCo operates distribution centers in Woodburn, Oregon; Myrtle Creek, Oregon; Boise, Idaho; Phoenix, Arizona; Denton, Texas; and Modesto, California, and has a total of just over 18,000 employees company-wide.

The company reduces operating expenses by purchasing directly from manufacturers and farmers; operating basic, no-frills stores; not accepting credit cards; and not providing bagging service.  This is a product of capitalism and solving problems to make a net profit.  It does have a ring of communism here with the workers being the owners.  They do have the best prices, lowest in town.  They don't have a huge variety of brands.  

The Socialistic representatives who are Socialists want to put a much heavier tax on the wealthiest of our people to pay for all the goodies they are demanding to come to them without their work or energy input to have them.  It's the extremely creative minds who usually get into the highest of tax brackets.  Wouldn't this stifle a reason to use that creativity that creates jobs for others not so endowed?  

Dad-Maurice Goldfoot  at 21, boxing professionally as Billy Meshke at the
Neighborhood House in Portland, making some money-
starting out in life.His mother didn't want him doing this.
His father had died when he was 4; so he had taken odd jobs ever since.
No silver spoon in his mouth.  He had determination.  Meshke was
Yiddish for Morrie-Maurice and that was anglicized for Moses.  

                                                              

Dad's cattle truck -Silver Falls Meat Packing Co
His drivers went from eastern Oregon to Portland, Oregon, about 400 miles.
He had his own feed lot in eastern Oregon. He, the boss, wore jeans
and cowboy boots and flannel shirts.  He drove an old car, but he was
an owner! 

My father had his own business, WHOLESALE MEATS, and earned as we say, a living. He was able to finally expand and owned SILVER FALLS MEAT PACKING CO.    His butchers kept an eagle eye on the hours they put in each week, and I made out their checks during his first business.  They wouldn't go over a certain amount of hours as it could put them in  a higher tax group taking out more of a % of taxes, so it wasn't worth the effort.  These were people without college education but wise to the ways of government.  Don't ever think that  people are stupid.  Only when a person is adequately paid do they extend themselves, like owning the business themselves.  My father, the owner, was a workaholic.  He got something out of it; many things, pride of ownership, money, success, the headaches of business, etc. etc.  That gave him something to talk about. 

"Besides the USA, Hong Kong, Singapore, New Zealand, Switzerland, Australia, Ireland, Estonia and the UK are listed as the most capitalistic countries in the world."  

Resource:  https://www.investopedia.com/video/play/difference-between-communism-and-socialism/
http://jewishbubba.blogspot.com/2016/03/socialism-versus-capitalism-for-usa.html
https://www.thoughtco.com/communist-countries-overview-1435178
https://www.thoughtco.com/communist-countries-overview-1435178?utm_term=socialist+countries+that+work&utm_content=p1-main-3-title&utm_medium=sem&utm_source=google_s&utm_campaign=adid-4ef367f2-1461-45ba-87ca-5421bae9c5ba-0-ab_gsb_ocode-4922&ad=semD&an=google_s&am=broad&q=socialist+countries+that+work&o=4922&qsrc=999&l=sem&askid=4ef367f2-1461-45ba-87ca-5421bae9c5ba-0-ab_gsb
https://www.quora.com/Is-Israel-a-socialist-nation
https://fee.org/articles/the-myth-of-scandinavian-socialism/
https://www.foxnews.com/world/how-socialism-turned-venezuela-from-the-wealthiest-country-in-south-america-into-an-economic-basket-case
https://www.usnews.com/opinion/articles/2016-06-06/socialism-is-devastating-venezuela-and-americans-dont-seem-to-notice
https://www.dsausa.org/about-us/
https://www.thebalance.com/capitalism-characteristics-examples-pros-cons-3305588
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party_leadership_of_Jeremy_Corbyn
https://www.google.com/search?q=Labor+Party+in+England-socialism%3F&se_es_tkn=gdnnooou
Webster's 7th new collegiate dictionary
https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffreydorfman/2018/07/08/sorry-bernie-bros-but-nordic-countries-are-not-socialist/#4cddd93d74ad

THE HOLOCAUST; How it touched our family

Nadene Goldfoot                               

Germany's Nazi (National Socialism) political party came into being in 1933.  Forced labor camps established by them were in use between 1933 and 1945.  Nazis set up and ran about 15,000 concentration camps throughout German-occupied Europe.  All this started before the official date of the HOLOCAUST.  
                                                   

Notice Wilno.  This is Vilnius, the Vilna we are accustomed to reading about
in the history of the Gaon of Vilna.  It had been taken over by the Polish government like Lazdijai had been!  I hadn't realized that, thinking it
was always part of Lithuania.  

    

THE HOLOCAUST, also now called The Shoah, was a period of genocide during World War II.  Genocide means the act of killing everyone of that group; a complete wipe-out of a people, in this situation, the slaughter 6 million Jews.   It was a systematic bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of 6 million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators, who were the native population of where the Jews lived; the non- Jews.  

About 1/2 the Jews murdered during the Holocaust were killed in the extermination camps.  They were also called the death camps or killing centers. Nazis used extermination camps to quickly and systematically murder many people at the same time by exposing them to poison gas.  6 of these centers were in German-occupied Poland;  Chelmno, Belzec, Sobibor, TREBLINKA, MAJDANEK and AUSCHWITZ-Birkenau.  More than 3.2 million were killed in these 6 camps between 1942 and 1944.  Almost all were Jews, and 10 -15% were Rome people (Gypsies)_ also people with disabilities and gay men and women.  These were groups that Nazis also considered as unacceptable.  By the end in 1945, 1/3 of the world's Jewish population was eliminated.  Today, Jews make up only 0.02% of the world population.

The Nazis had decided on their FINAL SOLUTION.  This was the Nazi Party's policy for their  more perfect world, and it targeted THE JEWS.  This systematic murder of all Jews began in 1941 and lasted through 1945, when the Allied forces liberated German-occupied Europe.  
                                                          

Beginning of Lodz Ghetto

An old standby of anti-Semitic Europe was THE GHETTO.  It originated in Venice, Italy in 1517 where  Jews were segregated.  This idea came from an even earlier time in earlier Catholic Church legislation going back to the Lateran Council of 1179 and 1215 which forbade Jews and Christians to live together in close contact.  Actually this all came from the beginnings of Christianity in around 300 when a meeting was held in Constantinople about the formulation of Christianity and how people viewed Jesus and as what and how they were going to deal with the prevailing religion of the country, Judaism.  
                                                      

During World War II, the Nazis set up more than 400 ghettos.  Lodz was the first ghetto to be established and had the 2nd largest population next to the Warsaw ghetto. 

April 1940: Barbed wire, barricades, sentry booths are installed to isolate the ghetto from the rest of the city.  In the Lodz ghetto, the Nazis proposed that skilled residents produce goods for the Nazis. By May 1940 Jews were restricted to the ghetto now sealed off from the rest of the city of Lodz.  Attempts to escape resulted in immediate shooting without warning. 
                                                             

Directing traffic in the ghetto

June 1940:  census records 160,320 Jews living in the 1.6 sq mile ghetto, over 20 times the population density of Portland today (2019).  Production systems were established and factories open, most food going to office workers that were in the hands of Rumkowski, a Jew, appointed elder- head of Nazi-controlled Jewish Council of Lodz, enforcer of German laws and orders.  October 1940: Malnutrition and illness begins to spread, labor office created to oversee factories producing goods like clothing, shoes, textiles, munitions for Nazis.  December 1940: All food now rationed, death due to starvation increases in ghetto.   
                                                                  

 The ghetto was but a prelude to the CONCENTRATION CAMPS AND GAS CHAMBERS.  Great numbers of Jews were brought to Poland from other parts of Nazi-occupied Europe for annihilation.  Jewish youth were in the underground struggle of the Partisans, while the ghetto up risings at Warsaw, Bialystok and other places produced acts of desperate courage.  
                                                            

The forced removal of residents and prisoners during the closure of ghettos and concentration camps was the Nazi LIQUIDATION.  During most liquidations, Jews were deported to extermination camps by the thousands where they were quickly murdered.  
                                                         

A word about the Nazi Party.  

This was Nazism or National Socialism, the German political movement started in 1919 by the German Workers' Party who added the words, NATIONAL SOCIALIST to its name and in 1921 Adolf Hitler became its leader.  Until 1923 it was largely restricted to Bavaria and only became a mass movement in the economic depression at the end of the 1920s.  1929 was the year the USA stock market crashed.   At the last election in Weimar, Germany in 1932, it was the country's largest party, although not a majority (37% of the votes.).  It achieved power on January 30, 1933.  After this it used every method to become the country's only party---a position it ruthlessly maintained until the end of World War II.  "Nazism is a form of fascism." National-Socialism or Nazism is a racist and antisemitic ideology which holds that the Aryan race is superior to all other races, and that the government must actively promote the perfect race.

A word about Polish anti-Semitism:  A pronounced anti-Semitic trend prevailed at the end of the 19th century.  Polish anti-Semites supported by the clergy and the press launched a campaign against the Jews, which was supported by the great majority of political groups.  There was a pogrom in Warsaw in 1881.  Zionism took a strong hold, while the Bund also flourished. Large numbers of Polish Jews emigrated at this period to Western Europe and the USA.  
                                                  

The independent state of Poland was established after World War I (1914-1917).  Then it tried to protect its minorities, but its attitude toward the Jews left much to be desired.  In other words, they could not get rid of the anti-Semitism already established for centuries.  The economic position of the Jews sharply deteriorated as the new Polish middle-class pushed them out of trade, handicrafts, and industry.  In 1938, 300,000 Jewish breadwinners were unemployed and emigration continued on a large scale. 
                                                            

Our uncle, Werner Oster arrived from Germany from 4-12 May 1939 on SS Washington.  Germany had invaded Poland in 1st June 1939, the start of the War.  To enter, he had to have our great uncle Max Turn be his sponsor and take all responsibilities-financially and otherwise, for him, so Uncle Max got my father to hire him.  He was a sausage maker-his father's business.  My father had just started Lincoln Wholesale Meats on SW 3rd & Lincoln, Portland. The rest of Werner's family were unable to get out.  His 16 year old sister perished with her parents.  Werner married my aunt and had 5 girls.   

 395,223 Jews left Poland from 1921 to 1937, but were stopped from entering the USA in 1924 with the National Origins Act; Johnson- Reed Act; Asian Exclusion Act.  The struggle for the full enjoyment of civic and national rights was almost impossible.  By 1939, Poland had over 3 million Jews.  

Socialism is often collocated in the opposite end of the spectrum compared to fascism; if fascism pertains to the group of far-rights movements, socialism is, then, located to the far-left.


Reference:  The Standard Jewish Encyclopedia-ghetto
Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education pamphlet.  
THE HOLOCAUST, by Martin Gilbert
http://immigrationtounitedstates.org/590-immigration-act-of-1924.html
update:  6:45pm:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazism- about from socialism to fascism 
http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/politics/ideology-politics/difference-between-socialism-and-fascism/

https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/256/what-is-the-difference-between-fascism-and-nazism